MIT Test 2 Ch 6
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54 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Telecommunications | the transmittal of data and information from one point to another. |
| Videoconferencing | transmitted images and speech |
| RFID | enables rapid transactions and payments |
| Peer-to-Peer File Sharing | used to locate and download files from any online computer through internet using applications, usually in violation of copyright laws |
| Web Empowered Commerce | Increasingly fast communications allows organizations and individuals to conduct business, research, market, educate and train, shop, purchase and pay. |
| Bandwidth | speed at which data is communicated. |
| Synonym for Bandwidth | Transmission rate or bit rate |
| Baseband | communications medium that can carry multiple transmissions simultaneously |
| Tangible Communications Media | Twisted Pair Cable, Coaxial Cable, Optical Fiber, Electrical Power Lines |
| Intangible Media Communications | microwaves, radio frequencies, |
| Twisted Pair Cable | pair of insulated copper wires twisted together, twisting reduces EMI. Flexible, reliable, and low cost. Connects devices with RJ-45 connector plug. |
| Coaxial Cable | for cable television transmission, used for internet connections via cable. |
| Optical Fiber | uses light to represent bits. Not susceptible to EMI but is susceptible to RMI. Can carry signals for longer distances. |
| Radio Frequency Technologies | uses radio waves to carry bits. ie. WiFi, Bluetooth |
| Microwaves | High-frequency radio waves that can carry signals with high accuracy over long distances. For outside transmission, weather conditions may degrade quality. Can be transmittied by satellite links. |
| Electrical Powerlines | can be used for telecommunication |
| Availability, Bandwidth, Vulnerability | What to consider when choosing a network |
| Network | a combination of devices (or nodes) connected through a communication media |
| LAN | established by a single organization and shared among employees. |
| Server Based LAN | a single computer controls the network |
| Peer-to-peer LAN | no dcentral device controls communications |
| WLAN | offer advantages: easier installation, scalability, flexible. Drawbacks: less secure |
| MAN | Links multiple LAN's within a large city. Typically uses fiber-optic or wireless broadband connections between LANs |
| WAN | Far-reaching system of networks composed of LANs or MANs. May be public or private |
| VAN | networks with enhanced services offered by outside vendors. Provides reliability, management, and maintenance of networks for an organizationn |
| Circuit Switching | dedicated channel (circuit) is established for the duration of the transmission |
| Packet Switching | message broken into groups of bits transmitted together. Transmitted independently, and may be routed through different paths |
| Frame Relay | high-speed packet switching used in WANs |
| Multi Protocol Label Switching | uses packets, but all packets are routedon the same path; used for VoIP |
| Protocol | Set of rules for governing communication between computers. Most important being the TCP/IP. |
| TCP/IP | a set of related protocols that ensures packets arrive accurately and in proper order and ensures efficient delivery of packets from node to node. |
| internet backbone | highest speed channels |
| host | a computer connected directly to a backbone |
| IP number | unique numerical identification for a network device |
| Domain Name Service | associates a character based name with an IP address |
| Statis IP Address | a permanent address assigned to a device |
| Dynamic IP Address | temporary IP number assigned to a device for the duration of the connection. |
| Ethernet | LAN protocol using coaxial or Cat 5 or 6 twisted pair cable |
| Gigabit Ethernet | faster Ethernet connection of one Gbps or greater |
| CSMA/CD | protocol that ensures there are no collisions in transmission |
| Wi-Fi | a family of wireless protocols |
| Access Point (hotspot) | connection between a wireless device and a wired network |
| Encryption | ability to scramble and encode messages. |
| Bluetooth | allows devices to communicate within 10 meters. Tramsmits voice and data and is considered a PAN technology. |
| WiMax | increase range and speed of wireless communication. |
| Mobile Broadband Wireless Networks (MBWA) | similair to cell phone communications. Compatible with IP services, WiFi, and Bluetooth. |
| Downstream | speed of receiving from network |
| Upstream | speed of transmitting to network |
| DSL | data remains digital through entire transmission. Uses telephone lines. |
| T1 & t3 Lines | point-to-point dedicated digital circuits provided by telephone companies |
| Fiber to the Home | when the optical fiber reaches the subscribers living or work space. |
| Optical Carrier | provides services through optical fiber lines. Expensive but very high connection speeds |
| BPL | uses electric power lines to carry digital signals |
| VoIP | uses internet connection to conduct telephone conversations. |
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