Mcauley Health Nutrition Exam
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37 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 obesity | weighing more than 20% over your recommended weight |
| if you consume more carbohydrates than your body needs... | some will be stored away as glycogen |
| glycogen is... | your body's quick energy reserve |
| glycogen is made... | in the body and stored in the muscles and liver |
| fiber | found in fruits and vegetables; cannot be digested; needed for a healthy digestive system; prevent constipation; may help prevent colon cancer and heart disease |
| how much fiber should we get a day? | at least 25 grams |
| cholesterol | another type of lipid, needed to make vitamin D, cell membranes, certain hormones, and bile |
| cholesterol is made... | by your body and comes from food |
| cholesterol... | circulates in your blood |
| protein | helps to repair cells and to build new cells; your muscles, skin, hair, and nails are mostly made up of protein; also needed to form hormones, enzymes, and antibodies |
| How much protein you need from your daily diet | 15% |
| what happens if you take in more protein than what your body can use? | it is stored as fat |
| vitamins | needed in small amounts to maintain health and allow growth |
| calcium | needed for development and maintenance of bones and teeth, transmission of nerve impulses, muscle contraction, and blood clotting, found in milk and other dairy products, leafy green vegetables and bony fish |
| osteoporosis | when your body doesn't get enough calcium |
| recommended daily intake of calcium for teens | 1300mg |
| how much of your skeleton forms between the ages of 9 and 17 | 45% |
| if you do not get enough calcium when you are young... | you will suffer from weaker and lighter bones |
| iron | necessary for the production of hemoglobin |
| iron is found in | red meat, dark green vegetables, peas, beans, and eggs |
| not enough iron can cause... | anemia, weakness, and immune system impairment |
| sodium | needed for the regulation of water balance in cells and tissues and for the transmission of nerve impulses |
| too little sodium can cause... | muscle cramps and loss of appetite |
| too much sodium can cause... | high blood pressure, which can lead to heart disease, strokes and kidney failure |
| electrolytes | vital for processes such as muscle movement, nerve signals, and the transport of nutrients into and out of body cells; important electrolytes needed by the body are sodium, chloride, potassium and calcium |
| water | essential because it is necessary for every function that keeps you alive; you can live for many weeks without food, but only a few days without water |
| extra water... | cannot be stored in the body |
| we need _________ of water a day | 8 glasses |
| each day we loose __________ of water | large amounts |
| additives are... | included in the ingredients list on a food label |
| additives are added to foods to... | keep them from spoiling or to improve the smell, taste, texture, appearance, or nutrient content of the food |
| my pyramid | a tool that can help you choose what you want to eat and how much to eat every day |
| the width of each stripe on the pyramid show... | the relative proportion of your diet that should be made up of foods from that group |
| groups with the largest stripes | grains, vegetables, fruits, and milk |
| the amount of food from each group that a person needs each day... | depends on the person's age, sex, and level of activity |
| the person shown climbing the steps serves as a reminder that... | being physically active every day is import for good health |
| how much physical activity is recommended for teens | 1 hour |
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