| Term | Definition |
|---|
| absorption spectrum | characteristic pattern of wavelengths, of colors, of light absorbed by a particular pigment |
| aerobic respiration | cellular respiration that uses oxygen, sequentially releasing energy and storing it in ATP |
| alcoholic fermentation | anaerobic process whereby enzymes break down glucose into ethanoland CO2 and transfer energy to ATP |
| anaerobic | processes that occur in the absence of oxygen |
| ATP | adenosine triphosphate energy carrying molecule which when hydrolized to ADP and inorganic phosphate releases free energy |
| Calvin cycle | set of reactions in photosynthesis in which carbon dioxide is converted into sugars; takes place in the stroma |
| carotenoid | a class of pigments that are present mostly in plants and that aid in photosynthesis |
| endergonic | Reactions that require or consume free energy |
| exergonic | chemical reaction that releases some form of energy, such as light or heat. |
| free energy | the energy in a system that is avaible for work |
| grana | a stack of thylakoids in a chloroplast in which photosynthesis takes place |
| lactic acid fermentation | the formation of lactic acid from glucose |
| light reactions | chemical reactions that convert the sun's energy to chemical energy; takes place in the membranes of the thylakoids in the chloroplast |
| stroma | fluid in the chloroplast that helps break down sugars |
| visible spectrum | the colors red yellow orange green blue and violet, colors of light which make white light |
| wavelength | the distance (measured in the direction of propagation) between two points in the same phase in consecutive cycles of a wave |
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