| Term | Definition |
| static electricity | buildup of electric charge on an insulated object. |
| positive charge | a charge with less electrons; has more potential.l |
| negative charge | a charge with more electrons; has less electric potential. |
| electrons | particle found in all atoms that has a negative electric charge. |
| conductor | a substance that allows elecrical charge to flow through it easily. |
| insulator | a substance that does not allow electrical charge to flow through it easily. |
| resistors | substance that can change electric current into heat or light (like the filament light bulb.) |
| current | flow of electrical charges along a conductor. |
| electromagnet | wire coiled around a cylinder such as a nail, that temporarily becomes a magnet when an electric current flows through a wire. |
| electric circuit | a path through which electricity can flow. |
| open circuit | electric circuit in which part of the path is blocked or missing. (also called incomplete circuit) |
| closed circuit | electric circuit in which the path allows electricity to flow freely. (also called complete circuit) |
| series circuit | an electrical circuit in which the flow of electricity stops if part of the circuit malfunctions. |
| parallel circuit | an electrical circuit in which the flow of electricity does not stop if part of the circuit malfunctions. |