WORLD GEOGRAPHY FINAL by Katie D.
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76 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Fertile Crescent | In what is now Iraq; where very first civilization began (Mesopotamia) |
| Islam | Primary religion of the Middle-East; monotheistic |
| Muhammad | The prophet who started Islam |
| The Quran | The holy book of Islam |
| Zionism | Movement for Jews to return to the promised land (Palestine) |
| Israel | Become country after WWII; trouble has continued since then |
| Gaza Strip and West Bank | Areas of Israel that are violent regions |
| Sadam Hussein | Former dictator of Iraq |
| Saudi Arabia | Largest oil producer in the Middle East |
| Iran | Used to be part of Persion Empire in late 1970s, king was overthrown by Islam group who made theocracy |
| Kuwait | Small country on the norther coast of the Persian Gulf; invaded by Sadam Hussein in 1990s |
| Iraq | Formerly ruled by Sadam Hussein; now democracy |
| Arabic | Main language of the Middle East; only not spoken by Iranians |
| Kurds | Never had their own country but wanted to; minority group |
| Cyprus | Island in eastern Mediterranean |
| Jordan River | Provides freshwater for arid land |
| Bosporus Strait | Serves as gateway between Europe and Turkey and connects Black Sea to Mediterranean Sea; located in Istanbul |
| Sunni | A branch of Islam that is more mainstream |
| Shi'ism | A branch of Islam that is more radical/strict |
| Imams | Muslim religious leaders |
| theocracy | Type of government run by religious leaders |
| erg | A sea of sand |
| reg | Wind blows sand away leaving gravel |
| silt | Fertile dirt that comes from the river |
| Nile River | The longest river in the world; split into Blue and White that join together |
| Suez Canal | Connects Red Sea to Mediterranean Sea; man made |
| desertification | The spreading of the desert |
| The sahel | Directly below the Sahara; semi arid land; poor region |
| Aswan High Dam | Built on the Nile to control flooding; hydroelectric power is a positive factor, but no natural silt, increase of Malaria are negative effects |
| Oasis | Where the water comes to the surface in the desert |
| Fellahin | peasant farmers |
| Mediterranean Sea | Fishing, shipping importance in North Africa |
| The Berlin Conference | King Leopold the II of Belgium called conference to split up Africa |
| Goree Island | A slave fortrees - one of the busiest in North Africa |
| Nigeria | Country known for oil exports |
| Stateless society | Form of governing through family lineage/tribal leaders |
| Bantu Migration | Migration of Bantu people for unknown reasons |
| Belgium, Great Britain, France, Germany, Portugal, Spain | European countries that colonized Africa |
| France | European country that had the longest hold on Africa |
| Niger Delta | Where the Niger River empties into the Atlantic Ocean; much oil is found here |
| Dual economy | Economy that grows crops for themselves, but also for exporting |
| Olduvai Gorge | Where earliest remains of man was found; in Tanzania |
| The Leakey's | Couple that found some of the earliest human remains and also footprints; from Great Britain |
| Kenya | Country with good, diverse economy; tourism, agriculture, and manufacturing are some things that boost country |
| Ethiopia | Country highly agricultural in highlands; largest export is coffee; poor country |
| Orthodox Christianity | Religion of Ethiopia (one of the oldest Christian countries in the world) |
| cash crops | Agricultural product not processed and sold. Examples are tobacco, coffee, cotton |
| rift valleys | Divergent movement of tectonic plates causing valleys in East Africa |
| Serengeti Plain | Home to wildlife; migratory path for animals in East Africa |
| Sisal | Fiber used to make rope or rugs |
| Nelson Mandela | Chairmain of African National Congress who helped to end the apartheid; first black president of South Africa |
| South Africa | British colony; famous for policy of apartheid; most successful economically of Africa because of diversity |
| Botswana | Largest diamond producer |
| steppe | Short grasses typically found in semi-arid/tropical wet and dry climates |
| Apartheid | Policy of separateness of races |
| Namib Desert | A desert on the coast of Namibia (southwestern Africa); ocean provides dew/mist every morning |
| HIV/AIDS | Prevalent disease that affects Africa |
| Arabian Peninsula | Lies between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf |
| Mesopotamia | Region whose name means "between the rivers" |
| Hindu Kush | Mountain range found in Afghanistan |
| An Nafud | Desert of red sand |
| Ankara | capital of Turkey |
| Tehran | capital of Iran |
| Baghdad | capital of Iraq |
| Riyadh | capital of Saudi Arabia |
| Sanaa | capital of Yemen |
| Muscat | capital of Oman |
| Abu Dhabi | capital of the United Arab Emirates |
| Doha | capital of Quatar |
| Kuwait City | capital of Kuwait |
| Amman | capital of Jordan |
| Jerusalem | capital of Israel |
| Damascus | capital of Syria |
| Nicosia | capital of Cyprus |
| Beirut | capital of Lebanon |
| Manama | capital of Bahrain |
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