Medical Math-Routes of administration of drugs
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Created by:
averyyoung242 on May 23, 2011
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16 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What are the factors affecting the selection of the route of administration? | theraputic factors drug factors |
| Theraputic factors | onset and duration of action site of reaction adverse reactions |
| Drug factors | irritation solubility pH |
| What are the 2 routes of administration? | local systemic |
| What are the different types of local routes of administration? (14 types) | skin, nasal, conjuctival, urethra and bladder, vaginal, rectal, mammary, sublingual, GI tract, otic, epidural, intrspinal, intrasynovial (intra-articular), intramedullary (into bone marrow) |
| What are the different types of systemic routes of administration? | oral, parenteral or by injection, inhalation |
| What does systemic mean? | Route of administration that has to work through the body by the blood stream and is dispersed through the tissues throughout the body |
| What does parenteral mean? | any systemic route besides the oral route |
| What are the advantages to oral administration? | safe convenient in some animals economical no problem of infection |
| What are the disadvantages of oral administration? | inactivation of some drugs by gastric acidity, digestive enzymes, or rumen microflora the presence of food may effect absorption the presence of drugs may effect absorption activity of the GI tract affects absorption irritant drugs may cause vomiting and diarrhea onset of action is slow - not good for emergencies! unpalatability of some drugs |
| What are the advantages for intravenous administration? | accurate - exact dosage fast onset of action - good for emergencies! irritating, hypertonic, acidic, or basic drugs can be given large volumes can be given |
| What are the disadvantages for intravenous administration? | dangerous when administering it to livestock costly contamination |
| What are the advantages for intramuscular administration? | safer rapid absorption duration of action is longer than intravenous - better for long term treatment suspensions can be injected less risk of contamination |
| What are the disadvantages for intramuscular administration? | irritant, hypertonic, acidic, or basic drugs may cause tissue damage |
| What are the advantages for subcutaneous administration? | slow absorption but constant longer duration of action |
| What are the disadvantages for subcutaneous administration? | slow onset irritating drugs cannot be used |
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