Russia - HWC
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41 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 1st | _ largest country in the world |
| 141 million | approximate population |
| West | where most of the population resides |
| Russian | main ethnic group |
| Russian Orthodox | main religion (of those who claim any religion) |
| Russian | language |
| Lenin | April Theses, War Communism, New Economic Policy |
| Trotsky | Trotskyism, Permanent Revolution, Power Struggle with Stalin |
| Stalin | Great Purges, Five Year Plans, Collective Farming |
| Khrushchev | Peaceful Coexistence, Secret Speech, Berlin Wall and Khrushchovka's |
| Gorbachev | Glasnost, Perestroika, Law on Cooperatives |
| Yeltsin | 1993 Constitutional Crisis, Shock Therapy, Rise of the Oligarchs and Privitization |
| Yeltsin | first freely elected Russian President |
| Fundamental Law | following 1905-1906 Revolution - confirmed czar as absolute leader of Russia and stated that the Duma, the state council, and the czar must pass any legislation before it became a law |
| War Communism | Bolsheviks (Reds) won the Russian Civil War thanks largely to Lenin's idea of _ |
| Bloody Sunday | took place on January 22nd, 1905 - solidified revolutionary thought in Russia - realized that czarist changes were not going to come without massive work strikes and riots |
| Nicholas II | last czar to rule Russia |
| Russo-Japanese War | Russian defeat in this 1905 war led dissident Russian groups to challenge the power of the czar |
| February Revolution | first part of 1917 Revolution - mutiny that ends czar rule - provisional government is instated under Kerensky |
| October Manifesto | attempt by Nicholas II to appease the people without making any real reforms - flouted democratic reforms such as the legalization of political parties |
| Redemption Payments | Alexander II emancipated the serfs, but because of these, the social structure did not really change for the better - tied down the "emancipated" serfs |
| October Revolution | 2nd part of 1917 Revolution - Lenin seized control of Russia - minimal bloodshed |
| Glasnost | program under Gorbachev that called for "openness" in Soviet society - gave more political freedoms and loosened restrictions on the media |
| Shock Therapy | program instituted by Yeltsin that called for drastic economic changes including the lifting of price and currency controls, the withdrawal of state subsidies, and immediate trade liberalization - failed to bring lasting improvement to Russia |
| Peaceful Coexistence | policy under Khrushchev that detailed how capitalist and communist nations could coexist peacefully - called for Geneva Summit in 1956 |
| April Theses | series of directives Lenin published in the Russian newspaper "Pravda" to solidify support for the Bolsheviks and rally people to rise up against the provisional government following 1917 February Revolution |
| Perestroika | economic program instituted by Gorbachev to reform communism and make it more efficient - allowed for private ownership in services, manufacturing and foreign trade sectors of the economy - a reason for the downfall of the Soviet Union |
| War Communism | Lenin's attempt to rapidly transition Russia into a communist nation - everything is state-controlled and all resources were shifted to the Red Army before being rationed to the people |
| Great Purges | program instituted by Stalin to rid the communist party of anyone who disagreed with Stalinist principles and programs - millions were exiled to Serbia or killed |
| 1993 Constitutional Crisis | parliament tried to impeach Yeltsin - people supported parliament - Yeltsin put down the revolts and added his own unpopular forms to the new constitution |
| Collective Farming | agricultural component of Stalin's 5 year plans - led to great famine and millions of deaths |
| Secret Speech | Khrushchev's speech to a closed session of congress - denounced Stalin and his Cult of Personality while bolstering support for his own reforms |
| Permanent Revolution | Trotsky's theory that called for global uprising of proletariat against bourgeoisie |
| Chechen | ethnicity that dominates the region of Chechnya |
| Sunni Muslim | religious affiliation that dominates the region of Chechnya |
| Dmitry Medvedev | person who won the 2008 Russian Presidential Election amid calls of voting irregularity |
| Peter I | czar that expanded Russia's territory from the Baltic in the east to the Pacific in the west - moved capital to St. Petersburg in an effort to "modernize" Russia |
| Five Year Plans | Stalin's plans to improve economy of Soviet Union through a focus on agriculture and industry (state-controlled) |
| Ural Mountains | range that serves as geographic dividing line between European Russia and Asian Russia |
| Law on Cooperatives | part of Gorbachev's perestroika - put private ownership of business in the services, manufacturing, and foreign trade sectors of the economy |
| New Economic Policy | policy under Lenin that brought small market reforms to communism and brought Russian economy back from the brink of collapse after the Civil War |
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