| Term | Definition |
| An organization of people with shared policy goals entering the policy process at several points to try to achieve those goals. | interest group |
| A theory of government and politics emphasizing that politics is mainly a competition among groups, each one pressing for its own preferred policies. | pluralist theory |
| A theory of government and politics contending that societies are divided along class lines and that an upperclass elite will rule, regardless of the formal niceties of governmental organization. | elite theory |
| An extreme, exaggerated, or perverted form of pluralism | hyperpluralist theory |
| A network of groups within the American political system that exercise a great deal of control over specific policy areas. | subgovernments |