| Term | Definition |
| allegory | a story with underlying symbols that really represent something else |
| anachronism | placing a person or object in an inappropriate historical situation |
| anthropomorphism | assigning human attributes such as emotions or physical characteristics to animals |
| diction | choice of words |
| fable | a story that has a moral, usually involving animals as the main characters |
| figurative language | language characterized by figures of speech such as metaphors and similes as well as elaborate expression through imagery |
| hyperbole | a deliberate exaggeration |
| meter | the rhythm of a poem |
| onomatopoeia | a word intended to simulate the actual sound of the thing or action it describes |
| parable | a story that has a moral, used often in the bible |
| paradox | this is a phrase that appears to be contradictory but that actually contains some basic truth that resolves the apparent contradiction |
| parallelism | the repetition of sounds, meanings, or structures to create a certain style |
| pathos | something that evokes a feeling of pity or sympathy |
| personification | assigning human attributes to something nonhuman |
| point of view | the perspective from which a story is presented to a reader. |
| simile | a comparison of two things using the words "like" or "as" |