| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Polis, Metropolis | Greek city state, Large City |
| Aristocrats | Greek land owners who held a great amount of power and control |
| Phalanx | An expression used to describe a heavily armed, Greek line of soldiers |
| Tyrant | For Greece, a ruler chosen by the people to defend their rights, Ex: Solon, Peisistratus, Cleisthenes |
| Oligarchy | Rule/Leadership by only a few people |
| Contrapposto | A style of Greek sculpture where people are depicted standing and leaning so that the person's weight is being put on one side. People are depicted with their bodies curved like an "S" |
| Direct Democracy | Every citizen is a member of the voting assembly |
| Lyric Poetry | subjective, reflective poetry with regular rhyme scheme and meter which reveals the poet's thoughts and feelings to create a single, unique impression. Used majorly in ancient Greek theater. |
| Rhetoric | using language effectively to please or persuade , high flown style |
| The "Socratic Method" | Aksing questions that lead the student to find the answer |
| Pentathlon | A five part event in the Greek Olympics |
| Black Figure (Vase) | A vase which depicted the main focus of the art on it as black (geometric period) |
| Red Figure (Vase) | A vase which depicted the main focus of the art on it as red (geometric period) |
| Krater | A vase used for mixing water and wine which was small but widened as it got taller with two handles on either side |
| Amphora | (X) Greek - A type of ceramic vase with two handles and a long neck narrower than the body, used to store wine or oil |
| Hydria | A wide Greek vase which contained large amounts of water |
| Lekythos | A small, thin, flask-like vase used for carrying oitments (perfume oil) and funerary offerings |
| Kylix | An oversized drinking cup which held water or wine |
| Rhyton | A Greek, drinking cup used for drinking wine along with ceremonial purposes. The "Handle" is in the shape of an animal's head and the cup itself is shaped like a curvy boomerang. This cup cannot be put down without spilling. |
| Kouros | The depiction of a nude, young, Greek male in sculpture |
| Kore | Greek sculptures depicting young female figures. Never nude. |
| Athena at the Parthanon | A room specifically dedicated to Athena at the parthanon as a result of the belief that Athena brought the Greeks victory in war. The statue is gigantic. |
| Shaft | The pillar, or mid section of a column |
| Pediment | The part of a Greek roof which consists of a triangular structure |
| Colonnade | a structure composed of a series of arches supported by columns |
| Doric | The first of the three Greek architectural orders. (See image) |
| Ionic | The second of the three Greek architectural orders. Its mentionable feature is its capital which is depicted in a way that it looks like scrolled up paper. |
| Corinthian | The third of the three Greek architectural orders. Its mentionable feature is its capital which is depicted in a way that it looks like acanthus leaves and scrolls |
| Composite | A Roman architectural order created to appear as a combination of the Greeks' Ionic and Corinthian orders |
| Caryatid | A Greek sculpted female figure used to take the place of a column. |
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