Public Health Midterm 2
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24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 The 3 methods of control for a disease: | 1. Eliminate the disease-causing agent 2. Prevent the organism from multiplying to a level which can cause a disease 3. Eliminating the reservoir. |
| Direct Transmission can be blocked by: (2) | Hand Washing - most important Protective apparel such as gloves, gowns, masks, protective eye wear |
| Indirect transmission can be avoided by: (3) | Avoid bites from arthopod vectors (ticks) Avoid disease spread by common vehicles Proper canning, prepartation, serving and storage of food |
| Canning requires a processing temp of _____ to destroy spores of ________ | 250 degreed F Clostridium botulinum |
| Poultry must be heated to an internal temperature of _______ to help prevent ________ | 165 degrees F Salmonella |
| Steam serving tables should maintain a minimum temp of _____ | 140 degrees F |
| Refrigeration should have a temp below _____ | 45 degress F |
| When Staphylococcus ______is found in food, it must be thrown away because _____ | enterotoxin; it cannot be inactivated by heat |
| What is a Vaccine? | A suspension of attenuated live or killed microorganisms given to induce immunity. |
| Common Vaccines are: (3) | 1. Live attenuated viral vaccines 2. Killed or fractionated viral vaccines 3. Killed or fractional baterial vaccines |
| Live attenuated viral vaccines examples: | measles, mumps, rubella (MMR), polio |
| Killed or fractionated viral vaccine examples | flu, hep B, rabies |
| Killed or Fractional bacteria vaccine examples | cholera, meningococcal, pneumococcal |
| Toxoid? | A modified bacterial toxin which has been rendered nontoxic but still has the ability to stimulate the formation of antitoxin such as tetanus toxoids. |
| Immunoglobin (IG) | A sterile solution of human antibodies used for passive immunization. |
| What are the 5 Immunoglobin categories? | Ig: G,A,M,E,D (In this order from highest %-Lowest % - GAMED) |
| IgG - % and description | (85%) - Most prevalent antibody in the body and increases secondary to IgM to help fight viruses, bact., toxins. Increase from infections, chronic disease, multiple myeloma and rheumatoid arthritis |
| IgA - % and description | (5-10%) - found in body secretions and mucosa linings of bronchial tract and the GI tract. First line of defense against point of entry invasion of body. Increases with: mucosa irritation, exercise, alchohol, liver disease. |
| IgM - % and description | 5-10% First antibody to increase upon antigens entering the body. Increases with: rheumatoid factorsm and gram negative disease |
| IgE - % and description | Small Amount - Increase upon hypersensitivity and parasitic worms. |
| IgD - % and description | trace - response unknown |
| Specific (IG) | sterile solution of human antibodies prepared from donor pools selected for a high antibody titer content against a specific disease. |
| Three types of serious diseases and their consqences from not getting vaccines: | This is bullshit, get it from chapter 4 |
| What must be considered when debating to become vaccinated? | Benefits vs Risks. |
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