| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Types of Eukaryotic Cells | Plant, Animal, Fungi, Protist |
| Size of Eukaryotic Cell | 10-100 micrometers |
| Compartmentalized | the intracellular space of cells is separated into a variety of compartments |
| Orgenelle | a subcellular structure scattered throughout the cytoplasm; have distinct functions; not all are surrounded by a membrane |
| Types of Eukaryotic structures | Intracellular and Extracellular |
| Extracellular Structures | Plasma Membrane(all), cell wall(not animal),Flagellum(animal), cilia(animal/protist), extracellular matrix(animal) |
| Another name for plasma membrane | Cell membrane |
| Cell membrane | found in all cells; composed of double layer of phospholipids, contains proteins and cholesterol, described by the fluid mosaic model |
| Glycoproteins | cell recognition tags |
| Cell recognition tags | embryonic cell sorting; self recognition (immune system function, blood type) |
| Antigens | any molecule that triggers an immune response |
| Blood Type | describes which glycoproteins are protruding from your erythrocytes |
| Blood Type classification | Type A; Type B; Type AB; Type O |
| RH factor | If you have the RH protein also protruding, then you are said to have an A+, B+, AB+, or O+ |
| Erythroblastosis Fetalis | aka hemolytic disease; mothers body does not recognize babies blood proteins and kills it |
| Cell Wall | PLants(cellulose; Fungi(Chitin); Algae(proteins/sugars): Provides structural support and protection |
| Cilia | primary source of movement in Cells: in animals used to sweep out debris and clean respiratory tract |
| Ciliates | paramecium |
| Flagella | found in protist, vertabrate sperm, and bacteria |
| Intracellular structures | Nucleus; Nucleolus; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Golgi Apparatus; Lysosome(animal); Vacuole; MItochondria; Chloroplast(plants/protist); Peroxisome; Ribosome; cytoskeleton; Centrioles(animals) |
| Nucleus | spherical; surrounded by a double membrane(nuclear envelope and nuclear pores; filled with liquid called nucleoplasm |
| Function of Nucleus | storage of nuclear or chromosomal DNA; brain of the cell; synthesis of mRNA |
| Chromosomal DNA | 46 total chromosomes (23 pairs); 30,000 genes; |
| Chromatin | storage form of DNA; complex of chromosomes and proteins(histones) |
| Nucleolus | within the nucleus; synthesizes ribosomes |
| endoplasmic reticulum | an extensive network of tubes; interior and exterior portions |
| exterior ER | called cytoplasmic side |
| interior ER | called the lumen |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum Regions | divided into two distinct regions; the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum |
| Rough ER | connected to the nuclear envelope; covered by ribosomes |
| Functions of Rough ER | synthesis of new membranes; synthesis and modification of proteins destined for incorporations into membranes and export for the cell |
| Smooth ER | connected to the rough er but lacks ribosomes |
| Functions of Smooth ER | synthesis of lipids; detoxification of poisons; storage of calcium ions |
| Golgi Apparatus | series of flatten sacs each sac is a seperate compartment; molecules are transported by vesicles; golgi complex has distinct ends |
| cis face | recieves materials from the er |
| trans face | ships material to destination |
| Function of Golgi Apparatus | recieve and modifies substances from the ER; sorts and tags substances for shipping; ships substances to their target destination; production of hyaluronic acid |
| Lysosome | membrane-bound sac (pH-4); intracellular digestion; contains hydrolytic enzymes; produced by rough er |
| Function of Lysosome | digestion of food vacuoles; recycle nutrients(liver cells); destruction of Bacteria(phagocytes); aid embryonic development |
| apoptosis | programed cell death; digest themselves |
| Pompe's Disease | glycogen accumulation packs the cell and eventually kills it |
| Tay-Sachs Disease | Fat accumulation packs the cell full with fat and eventually kills it |
| Central Vacuole | large membrane-bound compartment; largest structure in the plant cell |
| Function of Central Vacuole | Digestion and recycling of Materials; storage(water, waste, pigments, toxins) |
| Contractile Vacuole | Membrane-bound pump; appears as hub and spokes |
| Function of Contractile Vacuole | Removes excess water from the cell; aids in homestasis |
| Food Vacuole | a nutrient rich vacuole; formed by absorption of nutrients into the cell |
| Function of Food Vacuole | carries nutrients to the lysosomes |
Combine with other sets
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