population
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16 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 zero population growth | occurs when the birth rate equals the death rate |
| N | =population size |
| t | =time |
| r | =per capita rate of increase= birth- death |
| exponential growth | population increase under idealized conditions; rate of reproduction is at its maximum |
| carrying capacity (K) | is the maximum population size the environment can support |
| logistic population growth model | the per capita rate of increase declines as carrying capacity is reached |
| allce effect | inidividuals have a more difficult time surviving or reproducing if the population size is too small |
| k-selection | density-dependent selection, selects for life history traits that are sensitive to population density |
| r-selection | density-independent selection, selects for life history traits that maximize reproduction |
| competition for resources | in crowded populations, increasing population density intensifies ____________ for resources and results in a lower birth rate |
| territoriality | in many vertebrates and some invertebrates competition for territory may limit density |
| disease | population density can influence the health and survival of organisms; in dense populations, pathogens can spread more rapidly |
| predation | as a prey population builds up, predators may feed preferentially on that species |
| toxic waste | accumulation of _____________ can contribute to density- dependent regulation of population size |
| intrinsic factors | for some populations ___________________ appear to regulate population size |
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