3.2, 3.3 Digestive system, 3.4 Circulatory System
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19 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Cellular differentiation | The process by which a cell becomes specialized to perform a specific function |
| stem cell | an undifferentiated cell that can divide to form specialized cells |
| Embryonic stem cells | 2 types of stem cells can differentiate into any kind of cell |
| Tissue stem cells | 2 types of stem cells exist within specialized tissue only able to differentiate into certan types of cells (Bone marrow can differentiate to red/white blood cells, or platelets) |
| Digestive system | organ system that is made up of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intstines, liver, pancreas and gall bladder; the system that takes in, breaks up, and digests food and then excrete waste. The whole tract is lined with epithelial tissue |
| Mouth | Takes food; digestion starts (mechanical with teeth/chemical with enzymes and saliva) |
| esophagus | connects mouth to stomach is lined with smooth muscles |
| Stomach | hold food and churn it to continue the process of digestion |
| Small Intestine | narrow and long (6m long) Goblet cells release mucus, and nutrients diffuese through the wall of the small intestine. |
| Large Intestine | shorter (1.5m) but larger in diameter absorbs water from the indigestible food |
| Liver | produces fluid called bile, whch helps breakdown of fts in our food . |
| Pancreas | produces insulin which regulates the concentration of glucose (sugar) in the blood. |
| Circulatory System | made up of the heart, blood, and the blood vessels; system that transports oxygen and nutrients throughout the body and carries away wastes |
| Blood | type of connective tissue that circulates throughout all the parts of your body |
| Heart | made up of 3 different types of tissues: cardiac muscle tissue, nerve tisue, and connective tissue. |
| Blood Vessels | 3 types of blood vessels form a network of tube throughout the body to transport the blood. |
| Artery | a thick-walled blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart (greater pressure) |
| vein | a thinner blood vessel that returns blood to the heart (lower pressure) |
| capillary | a tiny thn-walled blood vessel that enables the exchane of gasses, nutrients, and wastes between the blood and the body tissues |
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