1.
__ Americans are diagnosed each year with peptic ulcers: 4 million
2.
___ is sometimes called emotional brain: limbic system
3.
2 muscles contract during exhalation: Abdominal wall, internal intercostal(s)
4.
2 types of agranulocytes: lymphocytes, monocytes
5.
3 Atherosclerosis treatments: Angioplasty, Stents, Coronary bypass surgery
6.
3 blood functions: transportation, regulation, protection
7.
3 common types of lung cancer: Squamous cell carcinoma (Most common), Adenocarcinoma, Small cell carcinoma
8.
3 cranial meninges: pia mater, arachnoid mater, dura mater
9.
3 muscles contract during inhalation other than diaphragm: External intercostal(s), scalenes, pectoralis minor
10.
3 primary brain vesicles: prosencephalon, mesencephalon, rhombencephalon
11.
3 prostate chemicals: Citric acid, Seminalplasmin, Prostate specific antigen (PSA)
12.
3 special features of large intestine:: Teniae coli, Haustra, Epiploic appendages
13.
3 types of capillaries: Continuous, Fenestrated, Sinusoid
14.
3 types of granulocytes: neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
15.
4 disorders of lower GI tract: Appendicitis, Intestinal obstruction, Inflammatory bowel disease, Colorectal Cancer
16.
4 plasma proteins: Albumins, globulins, fibrinogen, regulatory proteins
17.
4 Principal plexuses (left and right): Cervical, Brachial, Lumbar, Sacral
18.
5 secondary brain vesicles: Telencephalon, Diencephalon, Mesencephalon, Metencephalon, Myelencephalon
19.
a measurement of the percentage of packed red blood cells in a given volume of blood: hematocrit
20.
A specific segment of skin supplied by a single spinal nerve is a ___: dermatome
21.
A tubal pregnancy embryo cannot survive past week __: eight
22.
Abducens VI motor function: lateral rectus
23.
accessory digestive organs include: sg, t, t, l, g, p: (All three) salivary glands, teeth, tongue, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
24.
Accessory XI motor function: sternocleidomastoid, trapezius
25.
Acid activates pepsinogen into x, x digests y: (x)pepsin, (y)proteins
26.
Acidic stomach contents regurgitate into the esophagus: Reflux Esophagitis
27.
ACTH - Target Organ: Adrenal Cortex
28.
actual oxygen absorption takes place in the __: Pulmonary alveoli
29.
ADH - Function: Water retention
30.
ADH - Target Organ: Kidney
31.
Adrenal cortex hormones: Aldosterone, Cortisol
32.
Adrenal Medulla hormones: Epinephrine(, norepinephrine)
33.
after being picked up by the lymphatic system, interstitial fluid is called:: lymph
34.
aldosterone function: Water and salt retention
35.
Aldosterone target organ: kidney
36.
all blood cells except lymphocytes come from ___ stem cell: myeloid
37.
All spinal nerves except for ___ innervate a segment of skin: C1
38.
ALS makes ______ difficult due to ____: breathing, speaking, swallowing, atrophied muscle
39.
ALS or Lou Gehrig's Disease: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
40.
ALS results from degeneration of the:: somatic motor system
41.
Alzheimer Disease is thought to be caused by APP or: Amyloid Precursor Proteins (also by Neurofibrillary tangles)
42.
Anencephaly: absence of a brain
43.
another name for Anterior Pituitary: Adenohypophysis
44.
another name for Posterior Pituitary: Neurohypophysis
45.
Another name for throat: pharynx
46.
Anterior pituitary hormones (7): Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Luteinizing Hormone, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, Prolactin, Growth Hormone, Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone
47.
areola covered in ___: sebaceous glands
48.
arteries: large to small: elastic artery, muscular artery, arteriole
49.
Association tracts: Connect different parts of same hemisphere
50.
astroctye function: blood-brain barrier
51.
at what stage of RBC development is nucleus ejected?: normoblast
52.
Autoimmune disease where patches of myelin are destroyed: Multiple Sclerosis
53.
autonomic nervous system has ___ motor neurons: two
54.
Autonomic Nervous Sysytem is divided into what two systems?: Parasympathetic, Sympathetic
55.
average blood pressure: 120/80
56.
Average ejaculation contains around __ of fluid and 200-500 million sperm: 1 teaspoon
57.
Axon carries impulse _____ from the soma: away
58.
Baroreceptors Detect changes in ___ within body structures: blood pressure
59.
Begins at puberty, Occurs in seminiferous tubules, Controlled by FSH and testosterone: Spermatogenesis
60.
bipolar structure is found in:: special senses (uncommon in humans)
61.
blood clots form from (2): fibrin, thrombocytes (platelets)
62.
blood to cells is __ respiration: internal
63.
Bone mass declines in menopause, increasing risk of ___: Osteoporosis
64.
brachial plexus is which nerves?: Spinal nerves C5-T1
65.
breast cancer affects __ women: 1 in 8
66.
Buffy coat is about __ % of blood: 1(%)
67.
Buffy coat is made up of (2): leukocytes and thrombocytes (platelets)
68.
Bulbourethral glands produce Mucus which protects urethra by producing:: lubricant for sexual intercourse
69.
calcitonin function: decrease(s) blood calcium (increases osteoblast activity)
70.
calcitonin target organ: bones
71.
cancer in the leukocyte-forming cells: Leukemia
72.
Cap over the spermatic nucleus containing digestive enzymes: Acrosome
73.
capillaries only layer is:: tunica intima
74.
causes the lens to become opaque: cataract
75.
Cell Body of a Neuron is aka: (the) Soma
76.
cells that insulate gustatory cells from each other: supporting cells
77.
cells that Line the seminiferous tubules: Sustentacular (Sertoli) cells
78.
cerebellum function: Smoothes (and coordinates) body movements
79.
Cervical cancer results in approx. __ deaths annually: 4,000
80.
cervical plexus is which nerves?: Spinal nerves C1-C4
81.
Chains of amino acids, most common hormone type: Peptides
82.
Chemoreceptors Detect: chemical molecules
83.
Chief Cells secrete: pepsinogen
84.
Commissural tracts: Connect hemispheres (Corpus callosum)
85.
Conduct impulse down interventricular septum to the apex of the heart: (Right and left) bundle branches
86.
Conducts the (heart) impulse into the interventricular septum: Atrioventricular (AV) bundle (or Bundle of His)
87.
cone cells function best in...: bright light (good for color)
88.
Connect testis to epididymis: Efferent ductules
89.
Connective tissue cord that runs from testis through inguinal canal of the inguinal ligament: spermatic cord
90.
contraction and relaxation of a heart chamber: systole, diastole
91.
Contracts and relaxes to lift and lower the testes: cremaster muscle
92.
Contracts and relaxes to wrinkle and unwrinkle the scrotum: dartos muscle
93.
Corpus luteum breaks down into a white scar called:: corpus albicans
94.
Corpus luteum secretes ___, and ___, preparing uterus for possible implantation: estrogen, progesterone
95.
Cortical nephrons compose about __ %
Juxtamedullary nephrons about __ %: 85, 15
96.
cortisol function: responds to stress
97.
Crystallization of cholesterol: Gallstones
98.
CSF functions (3): Buoyancy, Protection, (Environmental) stability
99.
CSF is produced in the ____: choroid plexus
100.
CT wrapping around individual axon: endoneurium
101.
CT wrapping around individual fascicles: perineurium
102.
CT wrapping around whole nerve: epineurium
103.
cystic fibrosis results in __ build up: mucus
104.
DCT secretes (2), reabsorbs (2): Potassium, Hydrogen, sodium, water
105.
Decrease in hormone release leads to __: menstruation
106.
diamond shaped pubic area: Perineum
107.
diapedesis takes place in the:: venules
108.
Diencephalon becomes (structure-3, cavities): Epithalamus, thalamus, hypothalamus, third ventricle
109.
Diencephalon consists of: thalamus, epithalamus, hypothalamus
110.
difference between supporting cells and gustatory cells: gustatory cells have (a) sensory nerve (attached)
111.
digestive functions (I, M, C, P, S, A, E): Ingestion, Mechanical digestion, Chemical digestion, Propulsion, Secretion, Absorption, elimination of waste
112.
digestive tract layers (deep to superficial): Mucosa, Submucosa, Muscularis, Serosa
113.
Diphragm contracts during...: inhalation (inspiration)
114.
disease where cells cannot secrete chloride: cystic fibrosis
115.
disorder at the caudal end of neural tube: spina bifida
116.
Disorder at the cranial end of the neural tube: Anencephaly
117.
distal convoluted tubules Contain __ microvilli than the PCT: less
118.
diverts blood from the liver in an fetus: Ductus venosus
119.
Diverts blood from the pulmonary trunk to the aortic arch (skipping the lungs): Ductus arteriosus
120.
Ductus arteriosus becomes __ after birth: ligamentum arteriosum
121.
Ductus venosus becomes __ after birth: ligamentum venosum
122.
Duodenum length: 10 inches
123.
ejaculation is under __ stimulus: sympathetic
124.
emmetropia is: normal vision
125.
Endemic Goiter is caused by _____ deficiency: iodine
126.
endocrine glands are ____-less: duct
127.
Endoderm becomes a tube after transverse folding. This primitive gut tube contains:: Foregut, Midgut, Hindgut
128.
Endometrium is not shed out of vagina but displaced into oviduct or abdominal cavity: Endometriosis
129.
Ensures that the heart contracts from apex and up the walls of the ventricles: Purkinje fibers
130.
Enteroendocrine Cells secrete two hormones:: Gastrin, somatostatin
131.
ependymal cell function: produces (and circulates) CSF
132.
epinephrine function: enhances sympathetic response
133.
epithalamus - 2 parts: Habenular nuclei, Pineal (body) gland
134.
erections are under __ stimulus: parasympathetic
135.
Erosion of stomach or duodenal mucosa is a:: peptic ulcer
136.
Erythrocytes make up about __% of blood: 44(%)
137.
Esophageal mucosa is...(Cell type): stratified squamous
138.
example of a biogenic amines: Thyroid hormone (TH)
139.
example of a peptide: Growth hormone (GH)
140.
example of a steroid: Testosterone
141.
External ridge-like seam on scrotum: Raphe
142.
eyeball starts out as 2 parts: optic cup, lens pit
143.
facial VII motor functions (3): facial muscles, saliva, tears
144.
facial VII sensory functions (2): taste, anterior 2/3 tongue
145.
false vocal cords are aka: vestibular folds
146.
female gamete, male gamete: Oocyte (female), sperm (male)
147.
femoral nerve is found in the...: lumbar plexus
148.
Fertilized oocyte implants in the uterine tube:: Tubal pregnancy
149.
fibrinogen function: converts into fibrin (blood clot formation)
150.
filiform location, taste buds (no/few/most): anterior 2/3, no (taste buds)
151.
five flavors detected by taste buds: Salty, Sweet, Sour, Bitter, Umami (savory)
152.
foliate location, taste buds (no/few/most): lateral tongue, no (taste buds) (used during infancy and early childhood)
153.
Follicular phase (days): (days) 1-13
154.
Follicular phase (function): (FSH and LH stimulate) maturation of follicle
155.
Foregut forms:: pharynx to duodenum
156.
Form of propulsion that Involves the contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscle in the alimentary canal: peristalsis
157.
Found in interstitial spaces around the seminiferous tubules: Interstitial cells (of Leydig)
158.
four "layers" of a blood vessel (including cavity) deep to superficial: lumen, tunica intima, tunica media, tunica externa
159.
four divisions of lingual papillae: filiform, fungiform, vallate, foliate
160.
Four glial cell types: astrocyte, ependymal cell, microglial cell, oligodendrocyte
161.
Frontal lobe does Decision making, personality, verbal communication, and:: voluntary motor control (of skeletal muscles)
162.
FSH - Target Organs: Gonads
163.
Functional unit of kidney: nephron
164.
fungiform location, taste buds (no/few/most): tip, sides (of tongue), few (taste buds)
165.
General senses: t, p, t, s, p: temperature, pain, touch, stretch, pressure
166.
GH - Target Organ: skeletal muscle, bone, fat
167.
GI tract includes: (o, p, e, s, l, s, a): oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, anus
168.
GIF binds to __ assisting in __: B12, B12 absorption
169.
Girls born with __ follicles. By puberty about __ follicles remain: 1.5 million, 400,000
170.
glands inside the ear produce:: cerumen
171.
globulins function: antibodies (also binds hormones)
172.
Glomerulus + glomerular capsule=: Renal corpuscle
173.
glossopharyngeal IX motor functions (2): swallowing, saliva
174.
glossopharyngeal IX sensory functions (2): taste, posterior 1/3 tongue
175.
glucagon function: increase blood sugar (?) (Sugar GONe from the cell into the blood)
176.
glucagon target organ: body cells, liver
177.
GnRH stimulates release of the gonadotropins... (2): FSH, LH
178.
Gonads produce sex cells that are aka: gametes
179.
gustation is what class of sense?: special (sense)
180.
gustatory cells are replaced every:: 7-10 days
181.
Habenular nuclei function: Relays signals from the limbic system, responds to odors
182.
heart attack is aka: myocardial infarction
183.
hemocytoblast (blood stem cell) forms from:: mesenchyme
184.
High WBC count: Leukocytosis
185.
hindgut forms:: transverse colon to anus
186.
holds onto impulse in the heart for a brief moment: Atrioventricular (AV) node
187.
Homunculus: human with body parts drawn to represent innervation
188.
Hormones that affect the release of other hormones:: Tropic hormones
189.
how many cones per eye?: 10 million
190.
how many primary odors are recognizable?: 50-60
191.
how many renal pyramids per kidney? (range): 8-15
192.
how many rods per eye?: 100 million
193.
hydrocephalus caused by: Obstruction of CSF flow
194.
hyperopia is...: farsightedness (near objects are blurry, eyeball is too short)
195.
Hypersecretion of cortisol is called:: Cushings syndrome
196.
Hypersecretion of GH during adulthood (after the epiphyseal plates have closed): Acromegaly
197.
Hypersecretion of GH during childhood: Pituitary Gigantism
198.
Hypersensitivity leading to inflammation and bronchoconstriction: asthma
199.
hyperthyroidism is aka: grave's disease
200.
hypoglossal XII motor function: tongue muscles
201.
Hyposecretion of cortisol and sometimes aldosterone is called: Addison Disease
202.
Hyposecretion of GH in children: Pituitary Dwarfism
203.
Hyposecretion of GIF leads to:: pernicious anemia
204.
hypothalamus functions (BEETSHAM): Behavior, Endocrine, Emotion, Temperature control, Sleep/Wake cycles, Hunger/Thirst, Autonomic control, Memory
205.
Ileum length: 10.8 feet
206.
immature cell that replaces both supporting cell and gustatory cell: basal cell(s)
207.
Implantation outside of the uterus is called:: Ectopic Pregnancy
208.
in both parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions the pre-ganglionic neuron is always myelinated (T/F): True
209.
in menopause, levels of __ and ___ decline: estrogen, progesterone
210.
In the Luteal phase, Remaining follicular cells turn into:: corpus luteum
211.
in the parasympathetic division the post-ganglionic neuron is (short/long): short
212.
in the parasympathetic division the pre-ganglionic neuron is (short/long): Long
213.
in the sympathetic division the post-ganglionic neuron is (short/long): long
214.
in the sympathetic division the pre-ganglionic neuron is (short/long): short
215.
Infection of the alveoli of the lungs resulting in swelling and reduced capacity for gas exchange: Pneumonia
216.
Inflammation of liver is:: Viral Hepatitis
217.
Innervates anterior 2/3 of tongue: Facial nerve VII
218.
Innervates posterior 1/3 of tongue: Glossopharyngeal nerve IX
219.
insula lobe jobs: taste, memory
220.
insulin function: decrease blood sugar (?) (Sugar IN to the cell, out of the blood)
221.
insulin target organ: body cells
222.
Internal anal sphincter is __ muscle, External anal sphincter is __ muscle: smooth, skeletal
223.
Interstitial cells of leydig Produce androgens including __ in response to __: testosterone, luteinizing hormone
224.
iron deficiency: anemia
225.
Is the trachea an open or closed tube?: open
226.
Jejunum length: 7.5 feet
227.
known as the pacemaker: Sinoatrial (SA) node
228.
lack of clotting factors: Hemophilia
229.
Lactiferous ducts, __ per breast: 10-20
230.
large intestine functions (2):: Absorbs water and electrolytes, Forces feces toward rectum
231.
last three stages of RBC developement?: normoblast, reticulocyte, erythrocyte
232.
Left kidney is __ to right kidney and both are __: superior, Retroperitoneal
233.
left lung has __ secondary bronchi, right has __: 2, 3
234.
LH - Target Organ: Gonads
235.
Lipid derived from cholesterol: Steroids
236.
lips consist of: (cell type): non-keratinized stratified squamous (epithelium)
237.
Liver cells are destroyed and replaced by connective tissue: Cirrhosis
238.
liver produces 3 blood proteins: Albumin, Globulin, Fibrinogen
239.
Local contractions of smooth muscle that mixes food with digestive juices: segmentation
240.
loop of henle Surrounded by: vasa recta capillary network
241.
low concentration of platelets: Thrombocytopenia
242.
Low WBC count: Leukopenia
243.
Lubricates the anal canal during defecation: anal sinuses
244.
lumbar plexus is which nerves?: spinal nerves L1-L4
245.
lungs to blood is __ respiration: external
246.
Luteal phase (days): (days) 15-28
247.
lymph from the Gastro Intestinal area is called:: chyle
248.
lymphatic system returns ____ to the bloodstream: (leaked) plasma
249.
lymphatic vessels from small to large: capillaries, vessels, trunks, ducts
250.
lymphocytes come from ___ stem cell: lymphoid
251.
Majority of cases associated with the bacterium:: Helicobacter pylori
252.
Majority of chemical digestion occurs in the:: small intestine
253.
Mechanoreceptors Detect...: mechanical changes (like touch, vibration and stretch
ex. Proprioceptors - Detect the position and the state of contraction of muscles)
254.
medulla oblongata function: Vasomotor, Cardiac, (and) Respiratory center, Reflexes (also Point of attachment for cranial nerves)
255.
Melatonin - Function: Circadian Rhythm
256.
menopause usually occurs between ages ___: 45 and 55
257.
Menstural Phase (days): 1-5
258.
Menstural Phase (function): Functional layer sloughed
259.
mesencephalon becomes: mesencephalon
260.
Mesencephalon becomes (structure, cavity): midbrain, mesencephalic aqueduct
261.
Metencephalon becomes (structure -2, cavities): pons, cerebellum, anterior fourth ventricle
262.
mickey mouse university rejects are in the...: brachial plexus
263.
microglial cell function: macrophage(s of CNS)
264.
middle ear infection:: otitis media
265.
middle ear infections common in children because their auditory tubes are more ____: horizontal
266.
midgut forms:: duodenum to transverse colon
267.
most abundant plasma protein: albumins (regulate osmosis, transport proteins)
268.
Most common neuron structure: multipolar
269.
most common type of capillary: continuous
270.
Most important risk factor for cervical cancer is: (HPV): Human papilloma virus (HPV infection)
271.
most organs are innervated by both axons. This is called: dual innervation
272.
MS affects 1 of every ___ people: 1000
273.
MS results from the ___ in the __ being ___: myelin sheath, CNS, destroyed
274.
MS Symptoms: blindness, weakness, clumsiness
275.
MSH - Target Organ: melanocytes of epidermis
276.
Mucous Neck Cells have Acidic mucin secretion to:: maintain acidic conditions
277.
multipolar structure found in:: motor neurons
278.
muscle joined by intercalated discs: cardiac muscle
279.
Myelencephalon becomes (structure, cavities): medulla oblongata, posterior fourth ventricle
280.
myopia is...: nearsightedness (far objects are blurry, eyeball is too long)
281.
Nasal cavity is lined with: (cell type): pseudostratified ciliated columnar (epithelium)
282.
nasopharynx is lined with: (cell type): pseudostratified ciliated columnar (epithelium)
283.
Network of testicular veins responsible for Thermoregulation - pre-cooling of arterial blood: Pampiniform plexus
284.
neurolemmocyte function: myelin sheaths (in the) PNS (one section = one cell)
285.
neurolemmocyte is aka: schwann cell
286.
Nociceptors detect...: pain
287.
Noncancerous enlargement of the prostate: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
288.
occipital lobe jobs: vision
289.
oculomotor III motor function: eye muscles (minus superior oblique and lateral rectus)
290.
olfaction is what class of sense?: special (sense)
291.
Olfactory I sensory function: smell
292.
olfactory nerves are ___polar: bipolar
293.
oligodendrocyte function: myelin sheaths (in the) CNS (multiple sections, multiple axons = one cell)
294.
Opening in the diaphragm: Esophageal hiatus
295.
optic II sensory function: sight
296.
Organs that lie directly against the body wall: Retroperitoneal
297.
Ovulation (days): (day) 14
298.
Ovulation (function): Explusion of oocyte from ovary, LH surge
299.
oxytocin - function: smooth muscle contraction
300.
Oxytocin - target organ: reproductive organs
301.
pancreas Exocrine function is to produce __. Pancreas Endocrine function is to produce ___ and __: digestive enzymes, insulin and glucagon
302.
Pancreas hormones: Insulin, Glucagon
303.
parasympathetic division of the ANS is aka: cranial/sacral division
304.
Parasympathetic innervation of the coronary plexus comes from Medulla oblongata and:: vagus nerve X
305.
Parathyroid hormones: Parathyroid Hormone
306.
Parietal Cells secrete:: Hydrochloric acid
307.
Parietal Cells secrete:: Gastric intrinsic factor (GIF)
308.
parietal lobe jobs: Sensory (interpretation of textures and shapes), understanding speech
309.
parkinson's is Caused by the lack of the neurotransmitter _____: dopamine
310.
Parotid gland and duct: __ % of saliva production: 25-30
311.
pepsinogen is an:: inactive enzyme
312.
Pharynx divides into 2 other structures:: larynx, esophagus
313.
Photoreceptors Detect...: changes in light
314.
Pineal gland hormone: Melatonin
315.
Plasma makes up __ % of blood: 55(%)
316.
PNS Glial cells (2): satellite cell, neurolemmocyte (or schwann cell)
317.
Poorly functioning alveoli due to dilation of alveoli and loss of elastic tissue: Emphysema
318.
Portal veins that shunts blood carrying regulatory hormones from hypothalamus to anterior pituitary before blood returns to the heart: Hypophyseal portal system
319.
Post-central gyrus: Somatic sensory control
320.
Posterior pituitary hormones (2): Oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone (Vasopressin)
321.
Pre-central gyrus: somatic motor control (primary motor cortex)
322.
Prevent feces from being passed with flatus: Rectal valves
323.
Produced by altering a specific amino acid: Biogenic Amines
324.
production of formed elements (Erythropoiesis, Thrombopoiesis, Leukopoiesis): Hemopoiesis
325.
Projection tracts: Run vertically (convey sensory and motor information)
326.
Prolactin ___ milk, Oxytocin ___ milk: creates, ejects
327.
Prolactin - Function: milk production
328.
Prolactin - Target Organ: mammary glands
329.
Proliferative Phase (days): 6-14
330.
Proliferative Phase (function): Development of functional layer
331.
prosencephalon becomes (2): Telencephalon, Diencephalon
332.
Prostaglandins:: widen and dilate cervix
333.
prostate gland Citric acid is a:: nutrient
334.
Prostate specific antigen (PSA):: liquefies semen after ejaculation
335.
proximal convoluted tubule and DCT is Surrounded by __: peritubular capillaries
336.
PTH function: increase blood calcium (increases osteoclast activity)
337.
PTH target organ: bone
338.
Puberty Initiated when hypothalamus begins secreting...: GnRH
339.
RBCs are shaped as a:: biconcave disc
340.
RBCs torn apart in the:: liver, spleen
341.
reflex arc with an interneuron is also called:: Polysynaptic reflex
342.
regulates blood pressure in the glomerulus: Juxtaglomerular Apparatus
343.
regulatory proteins function: enzymes and hormones
344.
Respiratory diverticulum and primary bronchial buds form in week: four
345.
rhombencephalon becomes (2): Metencephalon, Myelencephalon
346.
risk factors for breast cancer (2):: Genetics, Increased exposure to estrogen
347.
rod cells function best in...: dim light (more black and white)
348.
sacral plexus is which nerves?: spinal nerves L4-S4
349.
salivary glands produce __ of saliva per day: 1.5 Liters
350.
satellite cell function: protects nutrients in PNS ganglia
351.
sciatic nerve is found in the...: sacral plexus
352.
scrotum needs to be __ degrees celsius cooler: three
353.
secondary bronchial buds form: week 5
354.
secrete substances into the GI tract to facilitate digestion: digestive accessory organs
355.
Secretory Phase (days): (Days) 15-28
356.
Secretory Phase (function): Progesterone secretion increases vascularization and development of uterine glands
357.
Segmentation and peristalsis are taken care of by __ layer of alimentary canal: muscularis
358.
semen is composed of (2):: Seminal fluid, sperm
359.
Seminal fluid creates (2) chemicals:: Fructose, Prostaglandins
360.
seminal fluid Fructose:: nourishes sperm
361.
Seminal fluid is produced by:: Seminal vesicles
362.
Seminalplasmin is an antibiotic which combats __ in males: urinary tract infections
363.
sensory, motor or both I: sensory
364.
sensory, motor or both II: sensory
365.
sensory, motor or both III: motor
366.
sensory, motor or both IV: motor
367.
sensory, motor or both IX: both
368.
sensory, motor or both V: both
369.
sensory, motor or both VI: motor
370.
sensory, motor or both VII: both
371.
sensory, motor or both VIII: sensory
372.
sensory, motor or both X: both
373.
sensory, motor or both XI: motor
374.
sensory, motor or both XII: motor
375.
shingles originates from the:: chickenpox virus
376.
Site of urinary filtration: renal corpuscle
377.
small intestine lined with (cell type): simple columnar epithelium
378.
Smooth muscle of the bronchioles causes: bronchoconstriction
379.
space in between pre and post synaptic neurons: synaptic cleft
380.
spaces in between myelin sheath: neurofibril nodes (nodes of Ranvier)
381.
Special Senses: gustation, olfaction, vision, equilibrium, audition
382.
special types of lymphatic capillaries that pick up (among other things) interstitial fluid: lacteals
383.
sperm Midpiece contains...: mitochondria
384.
sperm tail is aka: flagellum
385.
spina bifida is defined when: vertebral arch is not fully formed
386.
stomach Mucosa is __ (cell type): simple columnar (epithelium)
387.
Stomach mucosa's five different cell types: Surface Mucous Cells, Mucous Neck Cells, Parietal Cells, Chief Cells, Enteroendocrine Cells
388.
Stores and concentrates bile: gallbladder
389.
Sublingual gland and duct: __ % of saliva production: 3-5
390.
Submandibular gland and duct: __ - __ % of saliva production: 60-70
391.
submucosa of alimentary canal is:: Vascularized and innervated
392.
Surface Mucous Cells have Mucin secretion to:: protect stomach lining
393.
Sustentacular (Sertoli) cells assist with:: sperm development
394.
Sustentacular (Sertoli) cells Form:: blood-testis barrier
395.
Sympathetic innervation of the coronary plexus comes from spinal nerves:: T1-T5
396.
T3 and T4 function: increase metabolism
397.
tactile receptors are located where?: dermis, hypodermis
398.
tactile receptors are what class of receptor?: mechanoreceptor
399.
taste buds are what class of receptor?: chemoreceptor
400.
Telencephalon becomes (structure, cavities): cerebrum, lateral ventricles
401.
temporal lobe jobs: Auditory and olfactory
402.
tertiary bronchial buds form: week 6
403.
Test to detect cervical cancer: Pap smear (Papanicolaou)
404.
testes Covered by tunica __ and tunica __: vaginalis, albuginea
405.
Testicular lobules contain up to __ seminiferous tubules: four
406.
thalamus function: (Principle) relay point for cerebral information (motor and sensory)
407.
the capsule of the ovaries (also found around the testis): Tunica albuginea
408.
the heart pumps between __-__ liters/minute: 4-6
409.
the Myometrium (Muscularis) of the uterus has __ smooth muscle layers: three
410.
the only time a neuron branches is (pre/post) ganglionic neuron in the (para/sympathetic) division: pre(ganglionic), sympathetic (division)
411.
the optic cup is a direct extension of...: diencephalon
412.
The Oropharynx and Laryngopharynx are lined with: (cell type): Stratified squamous (epithelium)
413.
The patellar (knee-jerk) reflex is an example of a...: monosynaptic reflex
414.
the phrenic nerve innervates the...: diaphragm
415.
the Respiratory membrane is aka:: Air-blood barrier
416.
the uterine Mucosa is made of:: Ciliated simple columnar (epithelium)
417.
the vagina is a ___ tube inferior to uterus: Fibromuscular
418.
the whole nephron (minus skinny part of henle) is what cell type: Simple cuboidal
419.
Thermoreceptors Detect...: changes in temperature
420.
This lung has the cardiac notch: left (lung)
421.
this structure contains MOSTLY cones: macula lutae
422.
this structure contains ONLY cones: fovea centralis
423.
this vessel type has thickest tunica externa: vein
424.
this vessel type has thickest tunica media: artery
425.
three layers of vas deferens: Mucosa, Muscularis, Adventitia
426.
three male urethras: Prostatic, Membranous, spongy
427.
three modifications for absorption that increase surface area:: plicae circulares, Villi, Microvilli
428.
Three phases of Ovarian cycle: Follicular phase, Ovulation, Luteal phase
429.
three phases of uterine cycle: Menstural Phase, Proliferative Phase, Secretory Phase
430.
three structural types of hormones: Peptides, Steroids, Biogenic Amines
431.
thrombocytes formed from: megakaryocytes
432.
Thymopoietin and Thymosin function: (Stimulate) T-Cell maturation
433.
Thymopoietin and Thymosin target organ: thymus
434.
Thymus hormones: Thymopoietin, thymosin
435.
Thyroid Gland hormones (2): T3 and T4, Calcitonin
436.
too many erythrocytes in the blood is:: Polycythemia
437.
Trachea is a c-shaped structure formed of which cartilage?: hyaline (cartilage)
438.
Treatments for cervical cancer:: Cone biopsy, Hysterectomy
439.
trigeminal V motor function: mastication
440.
Trigeminal V sensory function (3): face, teeth, tongue
441.
trochlear IV motor function: superior oblique
442.
true vocal cords are aka: vocal folds
443.
True vocal cords are oriented ____ to the false: inferior
444.
TSH - Target Organ: Thyroid (gland)
445.
two major groups of leukocytes: granulocytes, agranulocytes
446.
Type I alveoli cells are ___ (cell type): simple squamous
447.
Type II alveoli cells prevent:: alveoli from collapsing
448.
Umbilical cord contains ___ umbilical artery(ies) and ___ umbilical vein(s): 2, 1
449.
unipolar structure is found in:: sensory neurons
450.
ureters are (location): Retroperitoneal
451.
uterine tubes are cut and tied: Tubal ligation
452.
Utricle and saccule are part of the:: vestibule
453.
vagus X motor function: 70% of parasympathetic
454.
vagus X sensory function: 70% of parasympathetic
455.
vallate location, taste buds (no/few/most): back (of tongue), most (taste buds) (largest but least numerous papillae)
456.
vas deferens Mucosa cell type:: Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
457.
vas deferens Muscularis layer contracts to:: move sperm (through the ductus deferens)
458.
veins are different internally than arteries because they have:: valves
459.
veins: large to small (singular): large vein, medium vein, venule
460.
vestibulocochlear VIII sensory function: hearing, balance
461.
voice box: larynx
462.
WBCs are attracted to site of infection: chemotaxis
463.
WBCs leave blood stream, enter tissues: Diapedesis
464.
we have ___ pairs of spinal nerves: 31
465.
what is contained in the fibrous tunic of the eye?: sclera, cornea
466.
what is contained in the neural tunic?: retina (photoreceptors)
467.
what is contained in the vascular tunic?: choroid, ciliary body (and zonules), iris
468.
what is the most numerous type of receptor?: tactile receptor (general sense)
469.
what stage of RBC development follows normoblast?: reticulocyte
470.
when plasma leaves blood it becomes:: interstitial fluid
471.
When released during intercourse, semen is called:: ejaculate
472.
Where are Association areas on the brain?: All other cortical regions (besides pre and post central gyrus)
473.
where are fenestrated capillaries found?: Small intestine, (most) endocrine glands, kidneys
474.
where are sinusoid capillaries found?: Bone marrow, spleen, liver (anywhere RBCs leave or enter stream)
475.
Which lung has 2 lobes?: left (lung)
476.
Which lung has 3 lobes?: Right (lung)
