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How were books made before the printing press? Scribed Who invented the European style moveable type printing press? Johannes Gutenberg Where did Johannes Gutenberg reside? Mainz, Germany What is postitive of printing press? It was faster than scribing What is a diadvantage of printing press? People lost their jobs What types of things were printed the most during the Renaissance? The Bible Merchant Sold goods...role was between noble and peasant Guilds an association of all the people in a town or village who practiced a certain trade (weaver, grocers) Apprentice Unpaid worker who is being trained in a craft Plague (Black Death) a disease spread by fleas on rats Why did towns begin to grow in the Middle Ages? The merchant class was growing; trade was revived crusades Wars to win the Holy Lands back Saladin Muslim leader who became sultan of Egypt. He defeated the crusades Holy Land Jerusalem. Jewish, Christian's and Muslims wanted to control it. Jerusalem The capital city of modern Israel. The Holy city in the Palenstine Who was in the crusades Europeans versus the Islamic Turks When didi the crusades start? 1096 When did the crusades end 1204 Affects of crusades on Europe increased trade; used money more often; people to buy freedom; feudalism and manorialism end Affects of crusades on Asia trade grew; supplies increased; armies increased Why did Europe go to crusades? wanted new land / trade routes Why did Islamic people want to go to crusades? More power nomad Bedouins- person who moves from one area to another in the Arabian Pennisula Prophet a religios leader or other person who claims to carry the message of god. Muhammad Prophet of Islam Reformation to change or reform Martin Luther German teacher who founded the Protestant Reformation of the 1500s in revolt against the Roman Catholic Church Protestants Christians who are not members of the Catholic or Orthodox churches. What was response of the Roman Catholics to the Reformation? Pope Paul 111 worked to change the church during the Catholic Reformationa Renaissance a rebirth of learning in Europe between 1300-1600 Leonardo Da Vinci most famous artist of the Renaissance. Painted of the Mona Lisa and Last Supper Florence A city in the Tuscany region of Central Italy Michelangelo Renaissance painter , sculptor, and architect known for his painitng of the Rome's Cistine Chapel perspective a technique in drawing and painting that shows objects as they appear to the eye (making distant objects appear smaller in relation to closer objects)