1.
2 most common tests for MS dx: oligoclonal banding and CSF igG index (also immunoblotting)
2.
3 autoantibodies in Abs to thyroglobulin are:: thyrogloblin
thyroid peroxidase
TSH receptors
3.
a neg RF result does not rule out the presence of what?: RA
4.
A neg. hashimotos does/does not rule out the disease: does not
5.
a second major Ab found in lupus pts is...: antihistone Ab
6.
Abs are stimulated by DNA comlexed to histone, known as: deoxyribonucleoprotein (DNA)
7.
Abs in graves disease: TSHRab and Abs to thyroid peroxidase
8.
Abs to ds-DNA typcially produce what: peripheral or a homogeneous staining pattern
9.
Abs to thyroglobulin can be detected in 90% of what disease patients: Hashimotos
10.
anaphylaxis: the most severe type of allergic response bc it is an accute reaction that involves multiple organs
11.
anapylaxis in which type: I
12.
ANAs can also be detected by: immunodiffusion
13.
another name for Type II hypersensitivity: cytotoxic hypersensitivity
14.
another name for type IV sensitivity: delayed hypersensitivity
15.
another name for types I-III: immediate hypersensitivity
16.
anti-Sm antibody: -found in SLE ONLY
-speckled cell pattern
-extractable nuclear antigen
-found on a pt. name Smith
17.
antiphospholipid antibodies: a heterogeneous group of Abs that bind to phospholipid alone or are complex with prodein
-can effect every organ in body
-deep vein thrombosis
-morbidity
-pregnancy
18.
arthrus rxn: -localized type III
-animals
-deposit in small dermal blood vessels
19.
atopy: an inherited tendency to respond
20.
autoimmune disease: conditionn which damage to organs or tissues result from the presence of autoantibody or autoreactive cells
21.
autoimmune hemolytic anemia: type II
22.
autoimmune thyroid disease (AITDs): -organ-specific autoimmune disease
-hashimotos or graves
-follicles within thyroid are filled w material called colloid
23.
autoimmunity is classified how?: based on whether they are systemic or specific
24.
CCP: cyclic citrullinated peptides
-used to detect a family of Abs
25.
central tolerance: is the mechanism by which newly developing T cells and B cells are rendered non-reactive to self
26.
clinical signs of SLE: -extremely diverse
-nonspecific symptoms
fatigue
weight loss
malaise
fever
JOINT pain
27.
contact dermatitis in which rxn: type 4
28.
distinguishing factor of type I: short time lag
29.
drug induced lupus: symptoms disappear when you stop taking the drug
30.
dx RA using:: radiographic findings
lab tests
31.
first test performed for SLE: screening test for antinuclear antibodies (ANA)
-fluorescent antinuclear antibody test (95% pos)
32.
genes associated w thyroid autoimmunity can be divided into these 2 groups:: immune modulating genes
thyroid specific genes
33.
goodpasture's syndrome: characterized by the presence of autoantibody to glomerular, renal tubular and alveolar basement membranes
34.
graves disease: characterized by hyperthyroidism
manifests as thyrotoxicosis
goiter, nervousness, weight loss
35.
graves disease is associated with what Abs?: anti-TSHR
36.
hashimotos thyroiditis: also known as chronic autoimmune thyroiditis
hypothyroid with Ab to thyroid globulin
middle aged women
goiter
37.
histamine causes what: smooth muscle contraction
vasodilation
increased vascular permeability
38.
histinamine release in which type: type I reaction
39.
Histon: a nucleoprotein that is a major constituent of chromatin
40.
how do you detect DNP: on a slide test (homogenous pattern)
41.
how long do T cell rxns take: days
42.
IgE antigen names: atopic antigens or allergens
43.
in diabetes mellitus, what leads to Beta cell destruction?: inflammation of the islets of langerhans in the pancreas.
44.
in FANA testing, what has a homogeneous look: anti-ds-DNA (SLE)
45.
in FANA testing, what has a speckled look: Anti-sm (SLE)
46.
in vitro tests involve: IgE or antigen specific IgE
47.
indirect coombs test what: in vitro Ab/Ag rxn in blood
48.
MS: an inflammatory autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system
49.
much more specific than RF, what is the lead marker for RA detection?: anti-CCP
50.
Mysasthenia Gravis (MG): an autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction.
characterized by weakness and fatigability of skeletal muscles
51.
newly made mediators cause what: LATER reactions
52.
one half to two-thirds of SLE pts exhibit what: renal involvement with diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis
53.
preformed or primary mediators: histamine
heparin
eosinophil chemotactic factor
anaphylaxis
(associated w cross linking)
54.
pts. with lupus have what, which are specific for SLE: double-stranded DNA (ds-DNA) antibodies
55.
RA key symptoms: welling of the soft tissue around 3 or more joints
56.
RAST: measures specific IgE
57.
RF can be found in what diseases: syphilis,SLE, hepatitis
58.
rheumatoid arthritis (RA): systemic autoimmune dosorder
-effects lungs
59.
RIST: measures TOTAL IgE and is competitive
60.
stung by bee: type I
61.
systemic lupus (SLE): a chronic systemic inflammatory disease marked by alternating exacerbations and remissions
62.
Th1 cells play a major role in what: type IV
63.
type 4 has which cells: cytotoxic
64.
type I is also known as: a true allergy Rxn
65.
type I reaction: cell bound antibody reacts w antigen to release substances- compliment NOT involved
66.
type II reaction: FREE Abs react w antigen asoc. w cell surfaces
-compliment plays MAJOR role
67.
type II reaction does what: enhances phagocytosis
activates compliment
HDN
68.
type III: soluble antigen
immune deposits
69.
type III reaction: Ab reacts w soluble Ag to form complexes the precipitate in tissue
-compliment plays MAJOR role
70.
type III rxn diseases: lupus, RA
71.
type IV reaction: sensitized T cells
-no compliment
72.
warm autoimmunehemolytic anemia=: warm agglutination (IgG)
73.
what antigens also belong tot he family of extractable nuclear antigens: SS-A/Ro and SS-B/La
-very finely speckled
74.
what detects in vivo hemolysis in type II: direct coombs
75.
what does anti-histone look like in FANA testing: homogenous (for drug induce lupus test)
76.
what immunoglobulin class is RF in?: IgM, but IgG and IgA are also tested.
-EIA test (agglutination)
77.
what is an Le cell: a neutrophil that has engulfed an Ab-coated nucleus of another neutrophil - mainly in vitro
78.
what is present in 80-85% MG patients: antibody to ACH receptors- this appears to be the main contributor of the pathogenesis of the disease
79.
what is the jist of RA: IgM Abs combine w EgG and the complexes are deposited in the joints. result in a TYPE III response
80.
what is the most widely used lupus test?: FANA- fluorescent antinuclear Ab testing
81.
what is used on a slide agglutination test for SLE: latex particles coated w DNP
