EVERYTHING O'Keefe Final
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60 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Ghana | an African kingdom that lasted from 700s to the 1000s |
| Mali | an African kingdom that lasted from the 1200s to the 1400s |
| Mansa Musa | an African Muslim ruler in Mali who accomplished plenty in his rule |
| Ibn Battuta | a traveller and historian of the African kingdom of Mali |
| Songhai | an African kingdom that lasted from the 1400s to the 1500s |
| Sahel | the African region along the border of the Sahara |
| Savanna | a grassy plain |
| Quetzalcoatl | a god the Aztecs worshipped ("The Feathered Serpent") |
| triple alliance | aztecs, texcoco, and tlacopan |
| Montezuma | a ruler that weakened the Aztec empire |
| Tenochtitlan | the capital of the Aztec empire, located in the middle of Lake Texcoco |
| Ayllu | extended family that did tasks |
| mita | labor tribute that required all people to work |
| quipu | a set of knotted strings used to record data |
| Machu Picchu | a famous city from the ruins of the Incan empire |
| Gothic | Type of architecture. Cathedrals thrust upwards and light came in through glass windows |
| Fief | Exchange for military protection and other services, a lord granted this piece of land to his vassel |
| Manorialism | Economic system, self-sufficient |
| Tithe | Church Tax |
| Feudalism | Political and social system |
| Secular | Concerned with worldly rather than spiritual matters |
| Chivalry | Complex set of ideas stating that a knight should fight for his three masters |
| Charlemagne | built a great empire and lead a revival in learning |
| Urban II | Started a war (crusades) to regain the Holy Land (jerusalem) from the muslim turks |
| Crusades | The holy wars, Christians tried to recover control of the holy land from muslims |
| Saladin | Muslim leader |
| Richard the Lion Hearted | Leader of the 3rd crusade |
| Monasteries | Religious communities |
| Vassal | the person who received a fief |
| Knight | mounted horsemen who defended their lord's land for fiefs |
| Serf | people who couldn't lawfully leave the place they were born |
| Manor | lord's estate |
| Lord | landowner |
| Caliph | a title that means "successor" or "deputy" |
| Umayyads | a family that caused the split between the empire because some people didn't agree with their techniques |
| Shi'a | the branch of Islam whose members acknowledge Ali and his descendants as the rightful successors of Muhammad |
| Sunni | an Islamic model for living, based on the life and teachings of Muhammad |
| Abbasids | a dynasty that ruled the empire through a Golden Age |
| Fatimid | a member of a muslim dynasty that traced its ancestry to Muhammad's daughter Fatima |
| Mosque | an islamic house of worship |
| Hajj | pilgrimage to Mecca |
| Qur'an | the holy book of the Muslims containing information about the prophets death |
| House of Wisdom | a house of Muslim's books, similar to a library |
| Four Rightly Guided Caliphs | Abu bakr, Ali, Umar, Uthman |
| Five Pillars | beliefs that all Muslims needed to carry out: Faith, Prayer, Alms, Fasting, and Pilgrimage |
| Cairo | Fatimid's capital |
| Damascus | capital of Abbasid caliphate until changed to Baghdad |
| Baghdad | capital of Abbasid Dynasty |
| Cordoba | Umayyad capital and Muslims created it |
| Allah | Muslim name for the one and only God |
| Ka'aba | a black stone building in Mecca that is shaped like a cube and that is the most sacred Muslim pilgrim shrine |
| Muhammad | the Arab prophet who founded Islam (570-632) (the event of his life that started Islam was when Gabriel told him he should only worship one god: Allah) |
| Islam | submission to the will of Allah |
| Muslim | a believer or follower of Islam (related to Jews and Christians because of Abraham, the one all of them look back to) |
| Medina | City in western Arabia to which the Prophet Muhammad and his followers emigrated in 622 to escape persecution in Mecca |
| Mecca | the holiest city of Islam and Muhammad's birthplace |
| Hijrah | Muhammad's migration from Mecca to Medina (Yathrib) |
| Dome of the Rock | Mosque in Jerusalem where Muhammad ascended to heaven, and where Muslims first prayed to |
| Sunna | muhammad's example |
| Shari'a | A body of law governing the lives of Muslims |
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