AP US History Unit 1
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60 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Rodrigo | First man to see land on voyage with Columbus. |
| Arawaks | First Native Americans Columbus saw on Bahama Islands. |
| Christopher Columbus | Sailor who took men to the new world in search of Gold. He landed in the Bahamas and conquered and killed the Indians there. |
| Hispaniola | An island where the first fort built by Columbus stood. It was named Fort Navidad. |
| Econmiendas | Huge estates where Indians were taken for slave labor. |
| Bartolome de las Casas | Author of "History of the Indies", a journal that described the conditions in the Indies after the Spanish arrived there. |
| Aztecs | Had own writing system. Population destroyed by Cortes. |
| Pizarro | Spanish conquistador who used Cortes's tactics to destroy the Incan population. |
| Incas | Population destroyed by Pizarro. |
| Cahokia | City of Missippi Valley known for advanced agriculture. |
| Pequot | Indians living on "Puritan land" who were extinguished during the Pequot War. |
| Enclosure | Land enclosed for sheep grazing. This forced smaller farmers to look elsewhere for work. |
| Joint-Stock Company | Provided financial means for English colonization. |
| Virginia Company | Joint-Stock Company in London that received a charter for land in the new world. Charter guarantees new colonists same rights as people back in England. |
| Pocahontas | Marriage to John Rolfe = Peace settlement ending the Anglo-Powhatan War. |
| Lord de la Warr | New Governer of Jamestown. Responsible for horrible tactics used on Indians. |
| John Rolfe | Father of the Tobacco industry and economic savior of the Virginia colonies. |
| House of Burgesses | First organized form of representative self-government. |
| Lord Baltimore | Founded Maryland. Permitted freedom of wordship until Act of Toleration. (Favored Catholics) |
| Act of Toleration | Guaranteed toleration for all Christians. |
| James Ogelthorpe | Helped found Georgia and make it a haven for debtors. |
| The Elect | Destined for eternal bliss. |
| Great Migration | Refugees left England for Massachusetts, West Indies, and Barbados in 1630s. |
| Congregationalism | Only those that belonged to the Church could vote. |
| Thomas Hooker | Led energetic group of Puritans to found Hartford, Ct. Created first state constitution. |
| King Philip's War | Indians led by Metacom forced to disband. |
| Dominion of New England | Formed to promote effeciency to administer English Navigation Laws. |
| Sir Edmund Andros | Head of the Dominion, he had strong ties to the church and was hated by many colonists. |
| Glorious Revolution | Bloodless overthrow of King James II that ended the Dominion and established William and Mary as the new leaders. |
| Chief Tammany | Sold land to William Penn. |
| Virginia Code of 1705 | Set of slave codes that included very harsh punishments. |
| Stono Rebellion | Slaves in 1739 stole guns, powder, ... etc and marched through town for freedom. |
| Headrights | Encouraged the importation of servant workers by offering the importer several acres of land. |
| Gullah | Unique language created by blacks that combined English with other African dialects. |
| Gumbo | African word meaning Okra. |
| Voodoo | African word meaning Witchcraft. |
| Halfway Covenant | Offered partial membership rights to people who have not yet converted. |
| Jeremiads | New form of sermon at Puritan pulpit that scolded parishioners from their waning piety. |
| John and Cotton Mather | Defended the death sentence for Witch trials. |
| "Meaner Sort" | The democratic forces that opposed class structure ... etc. |
| "Better Sort" | Tried to recreate the old social structure form the "Old World" but were prevented by the "Meaner Sort" |
| Paxton Boys | An armed march in Philadelphia led by the Scots-Irish that protested the Quaker policy with the Indians. |
| Crevecoeur | The man who believed that "Americans" have risen out of an ethnically mixed breed. |
| New Lights | Defended the Great Awakening and revivalist tactics. |
| Old Lights | Orthodox clergymen who were deeply skeptical of the emotionalism and the antics of the Great Awakening. |
| Pennsylvania Dutch | Germans that fled from religious persecution, war, ...etc. |
| Scotts-Irish | Frontiersman that were not actually Irish and had no attraction towards England. |
| Power of the Purse | Colonists could withhold the government's salary unless he yielded to their wishes. |
| Virginia | Founded by the London Corporation. |
| New Hampshire | Founded by John Mason. |
| Massachusetts | Founded by Puritans and received Royal charter from Massachusetts Bay Company. |
| Maryland | Founded by Lord Baltimore as a Catholic Haven. |
| Connecticut | Founded by Mass Emigrants and Thomas Hooker. |
| Rhode Island | Founded by Roger Williams for religious freedom. |
| North Carolina | Founded by Virginian Squatters (Poor Whites w/ No Land) |
| New York | Founded by the Dutch and then the Duke of York took over. |
| New Jersey | NJ. |
| Carolina | Separated from North Carolina. |
| Delaware | Founded by the Swedes. |
| Georgia | Founded by John Ogelthorpe asa buffer state and debtors haven. |
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