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47 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 hajj | the Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca is known as the? |
| submission | the term Islam means? |
| Muslim | the phrase, "one who has submitted," is the meaning of the term? |
| "the house of Islam" and refers to the lands under Islamic rule | the phrase dar al- Islam means? |
| Khadija | in 595, Muhammad married a wealthy widow named? |
| was written versions of Muhammad's revelations compiled by devout Muslims | the Quran? |
| hijra (migration) | when Muhammad moved to Medina the turning point in the rise of Islam was?; |
| sharia | the Islamic holy law was known as the?; |
| caliph | no religious leader could follow Muhammad, so political authority rested in the position of the?; |
| Abu Bakr | after the death of Muhammad, political leadership fell to a caliph by the name of?; |
| descendants | of Ali (the caliph) were infallible, and divinely appointed to rule the Islamic community /the Shia believed that?; |
| Shia | the main split inside Islam was between Sunni and ?; |
| the establishment of the Umayyad dynasty | after the assassination of Ali, power fell to?; |
| appointed members of the elite as governors and administrators of conquered lands, and they distributed wealth among them the victorious Arabic armies of the | Umayyad dynasty?; |
| jizya | the Umayyad forces allowed conquered peoples to maintain their own religions, but insisted that they pay a special head tax on those people who did not convert to Islam. This head tax was called the?; |
| Abu al-Abbas | the founder of the Abbasid dynasty was?; |
| it was more cosmopolitan than the Umayyad. the rulers didnt show special favor to the Arab military aristocracy. it also was not a conquering dynasty like the Umayyads | the Abbasid dynasty differed from the Umayyad dynasty in that? |
| Baghdad | the capital of the Abbasid Empire was?; |
| learned people (literally means "people with religious knowledge") | the word "ulama" refers to?; |
| brought the high point of the Abbasid dynasty | the reign of Harun al-Rashid?; |
| Saljuqs | during the last 200 years of the Abbasid Empire, it fell under the control of the?; |
| Mongols | the Abbasid dynasty finally came to an end in 1258, when it was overrun by the?; |
| cotton | of all the new crops that spread through the Islamic world via trade, which one proved the most important?; |
| paper manufacture | what new industry, transmitted to the Islamic world from China, was introduced during the Abbasid period?; |
| inns offering lodging for caravan merchants and care for their animals | Caravanserais were?; |
| sakk | islamic banks honored letters of credit, which could be drawn on the parent bank, known as?; |
| Cordoba | the capital city of al-Andalus was?; |
| four | the Quran, following the example of Muhammad, allowed men to have up to how many wives?; |
| they started veiling women | how did the conquest of Mesopotamia and Persia influence the role of women in the Islamic world?; |
| Arabic | the only definitive and reliable text of the Quran has to be in?; |
| madrasas | in an effort to recruit learned students, Islamic leaders often financially supported institutions of higher learning called?; |
| they did not find formal religious teachings to be especially meaningful. instead of concerning themselves with fine points of doctrine, they worked to deepen their spiritual awareness. | the Sufis believed?; |
| was the most important Sufis who argued that human reason was too frail to understand the nature of Allah and couldnt explain the mysteries of the world. only through devotion and guidance from the Quran could humans appreciate Allah | the Persian al-Ghazali?; |
| DID: symbol= Ka'ba at Mecca, Abbasid caliphs encouraged hajj, and pilgrims who made the trip to Mecca spread Islamic values and beliefs all over parts of the Islamic world | which of the following factors did not help to bring unity to the Islamic world?; |
| political and cultural ways- and kingships the Persian influence on Islam is best seen in? | administrative techniques |
| Omar Khayyam | the author of the Rubaiyat was?; |
| the Thousand and One Nights | the other name for the collection of stories known as the Arabian Nights is?; |
| math, science, and medicine | the main Indian influence on Islamic thought was in the field of?; |
| Gupta India | Arabic numbers actually had their origin in ?; |
| Ibn Rushd | the Islamic thinker who studied Aristotle and whose thought, in turn, influenced the rise of European scholasticism was?; |
| the development of scholasticism | the main influence on the thought of Ibn Rushd was?; |
| who placed more value on the revelations of the Quran than on the fruits of human logic | Ibn Rushd's reliance on natural reason went too far for many Muslims,?; |
| travelling beyond the China border to India and back the Chinese Buddhist monk, | Xuanzang, was famous for?; |
| Yang Jian | the Sui dynasty was founded in 589 by?; |
| the Grand Canal | the greatest contribution of Sui Yangdi,the second Sui emperor, was?; |
| the Grand Canal | the sui construction of which of these items would have important economic implications well into the twentieth century?; |
| Hangzhou to Beijing | the Grand canal stretched from what city in the south to what city in the north?; |
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