Unit 2: World War I

Terms	Definitions
Nationalism	pride in one's nation
Militarism	the policy of building up strong armed forces to prepare for war.
Central Powers	A military alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire.
Allied Powers	a military alliance among Russia France, and Britain.
Trench Warfare	a bloody form of war that consisted of two opposing forces digging holes in the ground or "trenches" to provide shelter from enemy gunfire. Heavy Artillery would be able to shoot through trenches and infantry would race across "no man's land" or the land between the two frontal trenches. Gas was also used to fill the trenches and kill all within them.
Stalemate	When neither side is strong enough to defeat the other.
Propaganda	The spreading of ideas that help a cause or hurt an opposing cause.
U-Boat	a German submarine
Lusitania	a British passenger ship that was sunk by German U-boats that killed almost 1,200 people including 128 Americans.
Why did the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand lead to the "war to end all wars"?	The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand lead to the "war to end all wars" because it set off a series of war declarations on numerous nations because of alliances that have been formed.
How did trench warfare make offensives long and deadly?	Trench warfare is a bloody form of war that consisted of two opposing forces digging holes in the ground or "trenches" to provide shelter from enemy gunfire. Heavy Artillery would be able to shoot through trenches and infantry would race across "no man's land" or the land between the two frontal trenches. Gas was also used to fill the trenches and kill all within them. This warfare took a very long time because it took months to advance just a few hundred yards. In addition, the mortality rate was very high in there was a huge amount of casualties.
What effects did the war have on the United States?	The primary effect that the United States endured is the divide within the citizens between joining the Central or Allied Powers. This is a result of the great amount of immigration from Europe shortly before this time period. Another effect is the boom in the agricultural business because of the food that was being used to make war goods that where being trades with both sides.
How did submarine warfare increase the chance of the United States entering the war?	Submarine warfare increased the chance of the United States entering the war because German U-boats were sinking passenger ships that left all of Britain's harbors and in turn killed many Americans in the process.
Zimmerman Note	a note to Mexico to attack the United States if it declared war on Germany
Liberty Bonds	a bond which allowed the American citizen to lend money to the government to pay for the war.
Why did many African-Americans migrate north during the war?	Many African-Americans moved north because they filled the need for factory workers in the north making war goods.
Why did Russia drop out of the war?	Russia dropped out of the war because of the revolution happening within the countries and the millions of casualties lost to the Germans on the Eastern Front.
How did American troops help the Allies win the war?	American troops helped the Allies win the war by playing a "definite and distinct part" in the war. They did this by supporting British and French forces as well as operating in their own manner.
How did World War I end? When did World War I end?	World War 1 ended when an armistice was passed with Germany that also required the German emperor to give up power.
Fourteen Points	a peace plan proposed by Woodrow Wilson that would try to prevent international problems from sparking another world war.
Self-determination	the right of national groups to have their own territory and own forms of government
League of Nations	a general association of nations that would protect the independence of all countries.
Reparations	cash payments
Treaty of Versailles	the most important treaty of the Peace of Paris which made Germany pay war reparations of $30 billion dollars, limit its military and stripped it of its overseas colonies.
Isolationist	people who wanted their country to stay out of international affairs and opposed the League of Nations
Henry Cabot Lodge	the Chairman of the powerful Senate Foreign Relations Committee.
List three ways in which the Treaty of Versailles punished Germany.	The Treaty of Versailles made Germany pay war reparations of $300 billion dollars, limit its military, and stripped it of its overseas colonies.
Rationing	controlled distribution of scarce resources, goods, or services