Biology flashcards
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36 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 temporal isolation | form of reproduction isolation in which two populations reproduce at different times |
| behavioral isolation | form of reproduction isolation in which two populations have differences in courtship rituals or other types of behavior that prevent them from interbreeding |
| genetic equilibrium | situation in which allele frequencies remain constant |
| population | group of individuals of the same species the live in the same area |
| community | assemblage of different populations that live together in a defined area |
| niche | full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way in which the organism uses those conditions |
| nitrogen fixation | process of converting nitrogen gas into amonia |
| nitrification | the oxidation of ammonium compounds in dead organic material into nitrates and nitrites by soil bacteria (making nitrogen available to plants) |
| denitrification | releases nitrogen into the air |
| feedback inhabition | process in which the product or result stops or limits the process |
| neuron | cell that carries messages throughout the nervous system |
| axon | long fiber that carries the impulese away from the cell body of a neuron |
| dendrite | extension of the cell body of a neuron that carries impulses from the environment or from other neurons to the cell body |
| antigen | substance that triggers an immune response |
| antibody | protein that helps destroy pathogens |
| vaccination | injection of a weakened or mild form of a pathogen to produce immunity |
| pathogen | disease-causing agent |
| virus | particle made up of nucleic acid, protein, and in some cases lipids that can only by infecting living cells |
| cephilization | concentration of sense organs and nerve cells at the front of an animals body |
| stigma | sticky portion at the top of the style where pollen grains frequently land |
| pistil | the female ovule-bearing part of a flower composed of ovary and style and stigma |
| ovary | contains one or more ovules from which female gametophytes are produced |
| style | narrow stock of the carpel in a flower |
| ovule | structure in seed cones in which female gametophytes develop |
| anther | where haploid male gametophytes are produced |
| filament | long thin structure that supports the anther |
| stamen | male part of the flower, made up of the anther and filament |
| gestation | when fetus develops |
| seminiferous tubule | in testes where sperm are produced |
| testes | produces sperm |
| gonad | a gland in which gametes (sex cells) are produced |
| follicle | cluster of cells surrounding a single egg in the femals human reproductive system |
| uterus | where a fertilized egg can develop |
| menopause | when a female no longer can reproduce |
| blastocyst | circle of cells with a hollow core |
| placenta | nutrients, oxygen, carbondioxide, and wastes are exchanged between embryo and mother |
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