| Term | Definition |
|---|
| virus | a nonliving particle consisting of a core of hereditary material surrounded by a protein coat 32 |
| host cell | the cell in which a virus reproduces 34 |
| vaccine | a solution made from damaged virus/bacteria or killed/weakened viruses/bacteria; can prevent, but not cure, many viral and bacterial diseases 36 |
| AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) | a fatal communicable disease caused by the HIV virus; destroys the body's ability to combat disease; spread by sexual contact, by use of contaminated needles, through the placenta, or by nursing from an ?-infected mother 38 |
| compound light microscope | a microscope that lets light pass through an object then through 2 or more lenses 41 |
| electron microscope | an instrument that bends beams of electrons in a magnetic field; magnifies objects too small to be seen with a light microscope 42 |
| cell theory | all organisms are made up of one or more cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in all organisms, and all cells come from cell that already exist 44 |
| cell membrane | a structure that forms the outer boundary of the cell and allows only certain materials to move onto and out of the cell 47 |
| nucleus | the largest organelle in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell, a structure that directs all the activities of the cell 47 |
| chromatin | genetic blueprints for the operations of the cell in the form of long strands; a form of hereditary material 47 |
| cytoplasm | the gel-like material inside the cell membrane and outside the nucleus 48 |
| organelles | the structures within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells 48 |
| endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | a folded membrane that moves materials around in the cell 48 |
| ribosomes | the cell's proteins on small structures in the cytoplasm 48 |
| Golgi bodies | stacks of membrane-covered sacs that package and move proteins to the outside of the cell 49 |
| mitochondria | organelles where food molecules are broken down and energy is released 49-50 |
| lysosomes | organelles that contain chemicals that digest wastes and worn-out cell parts as well as break down food 50 |
| cell wall | a rigid structure outside the cell membrane that supports and protects the plant cell 51 |
| chloroplasts | organelles in plant cells in which light energy is changed into chemical energy in the form of a sugar 51 |
| tissues | groups of similar cells that do the same sort of work 54 |
| organ | a structure made up of different types of tissues that work together to do a particular job 54 |
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