| Term | Definition |
|---|
| capillary blood | higher glucose levels |
| venous blood | lower glucose levels |
| glucose levels | like vital signs, these do not need orders to be checked |
| preprandial and postprandial | "before" and "after" eating |
| self-monitoring | 1. gives pt control 2. makes it easier to avoid hypo & hyperglycemia |
| RN monitoring | 1. full blood tests 2. BP check 3. eye exam (retinopathy) 4. feet and nerve exam (neuropathy) |
| glucose | monosaccharide sugar; principal circulating sugar in blood; major energy source of body |
| blood glucose | rises after meals; controlled mainly by insulin (only hormone that lowers level -- released by pancreas after meals) |
| blood sugar | concentration of glucose in blood, measured in milligrams of glucose per 100 milliliters of blood |
| sugar | water-soluble carb mono, di, or trisaccharides, including sucrose and lactose |
| fasting blood glucose | test 8 hours after meal; most accurate; levels tightly regulated in body - 80-90 mg/dL - below 100 is normal |
| insulin | promotes glucose uptake and fat storage; release regulated by blood glucose levels |
| postprandial | blood glucose is highest 3-5 minutes after meal, drops to baseline within 2 to 3 hours |
| preprandial | time when blood glucose is low |
| random blood glucose | lessa accurate than than fasting test |
| glucometers | many brands; always changing (ex: Accucheck, OneTouch) |
| hospital nursing procedure with glucometer | 1. RN inputs name/bar code 2. RN inputs ID of cannister of test strips 3. RN inputs pt bar code |
| maximum allowed time between checks in hospital | 24hours (checks are in place) |
| factors altering results | 1. capillary blood flow (decreased circulation, cold) 2. alcohol on skin 3. high cortisol levels (stress) 4. bad timing (postprandial) 5. high glycemic index in foods |
Combine with other sets
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