| Term | Definition |
|---|
| What are the two major theories of social behavior make quite different assumptions about behavior. What are they? | Aggression as a drive (Freud) and Aggression as a learned response (social-learning theory) |
| Aggression | Behavior that is intended to injure another person or to destroy property |
| Frustration-aggression | Whenever a person's effort to reach a goal is blocked, an aggressive drive is induced that motivates behavior intended to injure the obstacle causing the frustration |
| The frustration-aggression proposal has two critical aspects: | 1. The cause of aggression is frustration 2. aggression has the properties of a basic drive (a form of energy that persists until its goal is satisfied) |
| There are many ___________ between animal aggression and human aggression | differences |
| Mild electrical stimulation of a specific region of the hypothalamus produces | aggressive and sometimes deadly behavior in animals |
| Aggression has some properties of a drive because | it involves inborn reactions |
| Aggression is usually controlled by the | prefrontal cortex (area of the brain implicated in emotional regulatorion |
| When aspects of the prefrontal cortex are dysfunctional | individuals show impulsive violence |
| Social Learning Theory | Shares basic principles of reinforcement with behaviorism, it differs from strict behaviorism in that it also emphasizes cognitive processes |
| Vicarious Learning | learning by observation |
| Social Learning Theory emphasizes the role | of models in transmitting both specific behaviors and emotional responses |
| The social-learning theory proposes instead that aggression is | similar to any other learned response |
| Aggression can be learned through | observation and imitation (the more likely it is reinforced, the more likely it will occur) |
| (from the experiment in the book of the doll) the conclusion of the study is that | observation of their live or filmed models of aggression increases the viewer's likelihood of aggression |
| Social Learning Theory (evidence) | aggression is sensitive to reinforcement of contingencies in the same manner that other learned responses are |
| Consequences of Aggression | plays an important role in shaping behavior |
| Catharsis | purging an emotion by experiencing it intensely |
| If aggression was a drive | aggression should be cathartic (resulting in the reduction in the intensity of aggressive feelings and actions ) |
| If aggression is a learned response | expression of aggression could result in an increase in such actions |
| Aggressions seems to | breed more aggression rather than dissipate it |
| The children who watch violent cartoons | became more aggressive in their interactions with their peers |
| Boys who prefer programs that contain a considerable amount of violence were found to be | much more aggressive |
| Boys that enjoy aggressive tv shows at the age of 9 | are also much more aggressive at the age of 19 |
| Girls show _______________ between tv viewing habits and aggression behavior | no consistent relationship |
| Parents should | Moniter the type of television programs their child view and avoid praising aggressive actions |
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