Microbiology for Embalmers - LU 6
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38 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Rickettsia | 1. Are OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR PARASITES. 2. They are very similar to bacteria and divide by BINARY FISSION. 3. They are COCCOBACILLARY in shape. 4. They are transmitted TO MAN VIA INSECTS who are the natural and primary hosts. |
| Rickettsia - Pathogenicity | 1. Invade the reticuloendothelial system, colonizing the endothelial lining of cells of the walls of small blood vessels (small arteries and capillaries). 2. Vasculitis occurs and is spread all over the body (disease in many anatomic areas). 3. A skin rash and many pathological changes occur and this can be life threatening. 4. An attack of ____________ disease is usually followed by a lasting immunity. |
| Rickettsia prowazekii | 1. The etiological agent of typhus fever or epidemic typhus. 2. The biological vector is the louse (lice plural). |
| Rickettsia prowazekii - Pathogenicity | 1. A louse bites a person with epidemic typhus. 2. The rickettsias are taken into the stomach of the louse and from there invade the intestinal tract of the louse. 3. There they multiply and the cells burst causing the agent to enter the feces. 4. When the louse bites the person it defecates at the same time. 5. The bite itches the person and the rickettsia goes into the skin after the person scratches the bite. 6. Severe headache, chills, fever and rash result within a week. 7. 10-40% mortality |
| Rickettsia prowazekii - Transmission | Bite of the louse. |
| Rickettsia prowazekii - Entry and Exit | ENTERS by way of the bite (of louse). NO EXIT |
| Rickettsia prowazekii - Immunity | Immunity after attack (from louse bite) |
| Rickettsia rickettsii | 1. Is the etiological agent of rocky mountain spotted fever. 2. The biological vector is the tick. |
| Rickettsia rickettsii - Pathogenicity | Fever, rash and petecchial hemorrhages. |
| Rickettsia rickettsii - Transmission | Bite of a tick |
| Rickettsia rickettsii - Entry and Exit | ENTERS by way of the bite (of tick). NO EXIT |
| Rickettsia typhi | 1. The etiological agent of endemic (flea borne) typhus. 2. The biological vector is the flea. 3. The natural infection of rats. |
| Rickettsia typhi - Pathogenicity | Similar to Rickettsia prowazekii. 1. A FELA bites a person with epidemic typhus. 2. The rickettsias are taken into the stomach of the louse and from there invade the intestinal tract of the louse. 3. There they multiply and the cells burst causing the agent to enter the feces. 4. When the louse bites the person it defecates at the same time. 5. The bite itches the person and the rickettsia goes into the skin after the person scratches the bite. 6. Severe headache, chills, fever and rash result within a week. |
| Rickettsia typhi - Transmission | Bite of the flea |
| Rickettsia typhi - Entry and Exit | ENTERS by way of the bite (of Flea). NO EXIT |
| Rickettsia typhi - Immunity | Immunity after attack (from flea bite) |
| Coxiella burnettii | 1. The etiological agent of Q FEVER. 2. There is NO INSECT VECTOR. 3. This is a ZOONOTIC AGENT involving goats, cattle and sheep. 4. Occupational hazard for people working around these animals. |
| Coxiella burnettii - Pathogenicity | 1. This organism does not fit the profile of other rickettsia. 2. There is fever, no rash but symptoms similar to atypical pneumonia or influenza. |
| Coxiella burnetti - Transmission | 1. Raw milk of infected cows. 2. Inhalation of contaminated air from dairy barns and lambing sheds. |
| Coxiella burnettii - Entry and Exit | ENTERS by mouth or nose. NO EXIT |
| Coxiella burnettii - Immunity | No Immunity for the agent of Q FEVER |
| Chlamydia trachomatis | 1. Is the etiological agent of trachoma, lymphogranuloma venereum, and non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) or non-specific urethritis (NSU). 2. Please note: Chlamydia is another genus of bacterial-like organisms similar to rickettsia in that they are OBLIGATE INTRACELLULAR PARASITES. |
| Trachoma - Pathogenicity | 1. Attacks the lining cells of the cornea and conjunctiva. 2. The scar tissue causes a pebble-like appearance to conjunctiva. 3. It is the world's leading cause of blindness/visual disability. 4. It is endemic in underprivileged areas. |
| Trachoma - Transmission | Flies transmit mechanically, fingers and fomites as well. |
| Trachoma - Entry an Exit | ENTERS by way of the eyes. EXITS by secretions from the eyes. |
| Trachoma - Immunity | No Immunity for this cause of Blindness / Visual Disability |
| Lymphogranuloma venereum | A sexually transmitted similar to gonorrhea as it is ONLY IN HUMANS. |
| Lymphogranuloma venereum - Pathogenicity | 1. In men the primary ulceration is on the external genital organs. The agent travels to the inguinal lymph nodes and buboes are formed. 2. In women from the primary lesion in the genital tract it travels to lymph nodes within the pelvis where the chronic inflammation leads to stricture of rectum. 3. In both men and women, the infection is mainly in the lymphatics, deformity results on the outer genitalia. 4. Fever, chills, headache, joint pains continue during lymph progression. |
| Lymphogranuloma venereum - Transmission | Primarily direct contact/sexually transmission. |
| Lymphogranuloma venereum - Immunity | No Immunity for this STD which is similar to Gonorrhea |
| Non-Gonoccocal urethritis - Pathogenicity | 1. This organism's symptoms closely parallel that of Neisseria gonnorheae relative to the urethritis, cervicitis and the conjunctivitis of the new born and adult. 2. The incubation period of Chlamydia trachomits is longer and the symptoms are milder. 3. However, the chronic nature of this unchecked infection is on a par with Neisseria gonnorheae. |
| Non-Gonococcal urethritis - Transmission | 1. Sexual contact. 2. Contaminated hands. |
| Non-Gonococcal urethritis - Immunity | No Immunity for this organism that causes urethritis, cervicitis and conjunctivitis |
| Chlamydia psittaci | 1. The etiological agent of psittacosis and ornithosis. 2. As ZOONOTIC INFECTION involving parrots and parakeets for psittacosis and domestic fowl and birds (chicken, turkey, pigeon) for ornithosis. |
| Chlamydia psittaci - Pathogenicity | 1. There is fever, headache, pneumonic involvement and a heavy cough. 2. Mortality is high. |
| Chlamydia psittaci - Transmission | 1. Man contracts the disease from birds and/or their infected material by inhalation. 2. Handling sick birds and bites and wounds inflicted by sick birds. |
| Chlamydia psittaci - Entry and Exit | ENTERS by way of the respiratory tract. (From birds) NO EXIT |
| Chlamydia psittaci - Immunity | Immunity is unknown for this zoonotic infection from birds |
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