1.
After an introductory phrase which is four words or longer (do not use a comma if the introductory phrase is followed by a verbis four words or longs: In a manner of speaking, we all threw in the towel.
2.
After Introductory words or expressions (adverbs or transitions): Nevertheless, her hours are flexible.
3.
clause: a group of words containing a subject and a verb
4.
coordinating conjunction: joining words (FANBOYS)
5.
dependent/introductory clause: a clause that is not a complet sentence by itself becaseu it gegins with a subordinating word (when, after, if, since, etc)
6.
FANBOYS: For And Nor But Or Yet So
7.
independent clause: a clasue that is a complet sentence by itself
8.
non-restrictive element: a word, phrase, or clause which can be omitted without changing the meaning of the sentence
9.
To separate consecutive adjectives preceding and modifying the same noun: Enclosed is a stamped, self-addressed envelope
10.
To separate items in a series of three or more: For his birthday he received a shirt, a tie, and a pair of pants.
11.
To set off dates, addresses, and titles (do not use with dates consisting of only the month and the year): On Saturday, December 23, 1946, in a little church at 421 May Street, Mayfield, Illinois, Sarah and James were married.
12.
To set off expressions that designate the source of a quotation (dont use if quoted question or exclimation is followed by explanatory words, or if quatation is introduced by "that"): "Tell me, Mary, "asked her mother, "did you have a good time?"
13.
To set off non-restrictive elements (Apositives): It is my opinion, therefore, that you should take the job.
14.
To set off words used in direct address: I do not think, Tome, that your dad likes me
15.
When dependent/introductory clauses precede independent clauses: If you complete your work before five o'clock, you may leave.
16.
When independent clauses are joined with a coordinating conjunction: I like American history, But I never can memorize dates
