Science Ecology Test Ch. 1, 2.1, 2.3, 4.3, 5.1, 5.2
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FACKDAWURLD on June 9, 2011
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Description:
chapters 1, 2.1, 2.3, 4.3, 5.1, 5.2 in a 6th grade science test
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46 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Mutualism | symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit |
| Parasitism | a symbiotic relationship between two organisms where one benefits and the other is harmed |
| Abiotic | nonliving |
| Biotic | living |
| Photosynthesis | the production of energy rich molecules from light energy |
| Biosphere | the part of earth that supports life. it includes the top portion of earths crust, all the water on earths surface, and the atmosphere that surrounds earth. |
| Ecosystem | all the living organisms in an area and all the nonliving things in their environment |
| Ecology | the study of organisms and how they interact with their environment. ecologists are the scientists that study this. |
| Population | all the organisms in an ecosystem that belong to the same species |
| Community | all the populations in an ecosystem |
| Competition | when two or more organisms seek the same resource at the same time. limits population size. most intense between organisms of the same species. also between different species. |
| Population Size | the size of a population. measured by population counts. trap-mark-release method is a method where you capture an organism, mark it, and release it and continue the process. sample count method is a rough estimate of how many organisms you have in a large area. |
| Limiting Factors | factors of an ecosystem that limit the population growth of a species. these include: living space, food amounts, organisms eating other organisms, mates, |
| Carrying Capacity | the largest number of individuals of one species an ecosystem can support over time |
| Biotic Potential | the highest rate of reproduction, under ideal conditions, of a population. |
| Exponential Growth | the larger a population becomes, the faster it grows |
| Producers | organisms that use outer energy to create energy-rich molecules |
| Consumers | organisms that can't create their own energy-rich molecules. they eat other organisms to gain energy. |
| Herbivores | organisms that eat plants |
| Omnivores | organisms that eat meat and plants |
| Carnivores | organisms that eat meat |
| Decomposers | organisms the help recycle once-living matter by breaking it down into simple, energy-rich substances |
| Food Chain | a way of showing how matter and energy move from one organism to another |
| Symbiosis | any close relationship between species. its is also a symbiotic relationship. |
| Commensalism | a symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is not affected |
| Niche | an organism's way of living |
| Predator | a consumer that captures and eats other consumers |
| Prey | an organism captured by the predator |
| Cooperation | two or more organisms working together to improve survival |
| Atmosphere | the air that surrounds earth |
| Soil | a mixture of mineral and rocks particles, the remains of dead organisms, water, and air. it is the topmost layer of earths crust. it's considered biotic and abiotic because it contains living and nonliving things inside |
| Sunlight | the energy source for almost all life on earth |
| Climate | an area's average weather conditions over time, including temperatures, rainfall or other precipitation, and wind. it helps determines the types of organisms that live there. |
| Chemosynthesis | the production of energy-rich nutrient molecules from chemicals |
| Hydrothermal Vent | a deep crack in the ocean floor through which molten magma can escape |
| Food Webs | a model that shows all the possible feeding relationships among the organisms in a community. it is made up of many food chains. |
| Energy Pyramids | shows the amount of energy available at each feeding level in an ecosystem |
| Reduce | reducing your use of natural resources |
| Reuse | using an item again without sending it through any processes first |
| Recycle | sending an item through a process to make a new item out of the old one. glass, metal, paper, and plastic can go through this process. |
| Biodiversity | the variety of life in an ecosystem. the common measure of this is the number of species that live in an area. more organisms live in the natural version of this than in the unnatural version. |
| Extinct Species | a species that used to be living on earth but doesn't live anymore |
| Endangered Species | a species that is at risk of going extinct |
| Threatened Species | a species that is at risk of becoming endangered |
| Habitat Loss | when a habitat is destroyed for some reason. some reasons are: humans building things in the place of habitat and natural causes such as forest fire or tornadoes. |
| Conservation Biology | the study of methods for protecting biodiversity |
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