CLEP - WESTERN CIV. 1 (Renaissance; general)
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Created by:
JasonDavid on June 10, 2011
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13 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 HANSEATIC LEAGUE | 13 - 17 C: Commercial and defensive confederation of free cities in northern Germany and surrounding areas |
| PETITION OF RIGHT | Document prepared by Parliament and signed by King Charles I of England in 1628; challenged the idea of the divine right of kings and declared that even the monarch was subject to the laws of the land |
| ENGLISH CIVIL WAR | 1642 - 51: Civil war in England between the Parliamentarians and the Royalists under Charles I (beheaded) Cromwell rules briefly. Monarchy restored. |
| OLIVER CROMWELL | English general and statesman who led the parliamentary army in the English Civil War (1599-1658). Ruled, for a time, as a dictator |
| HAPSBURGS | Rules as royal dynasty of Austria (6 c.'s.) but originally Swiss that ruled over a vast part of Central Europe while battling with the Turks over Hungary. 2 key lines: Austrian and Spanish. |
| SPANISH GOLDEN AGE | Characterized by the "reconquista"s end (1492) period during which Spanish art and literature flourished in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. |
| PHILLIP II OF SPAIN | 1. He didn't believe in religious toleration. "Catholic King" 2. Phillip supported Mary Queen of Scotland's plot to Kill Elizabeth & started the Spanish Armada (1588). 3. 1560: Holy League 4. 1571: Lepanto 5. Great statesman/politician |
| GOLDEN BULL | Passed by the Reichstag (a general assembly of Imperial Estates of HRE) and established an electoral college that elected the emperor of the HRE for 400 years. Aimed to eliminate quarreling amongst members. |
| BOHEMIA | Former kingdom (now: Czech Republic). One of the many hundreds of kingdoms of the HRE. |
| DUTCH INDEPENDENCE | D. The attempt of the Netherlands to secede from Spain. In 1566, the Dutch draft "The Compromise," uniting Calvinists and Lutherans. The Dutch were eventually led by William I, Prince of Orange. 1581, the 7 northern provinces, the modern-day Netherlands, that were mostly Protestant seceded, and the 10 southern provinces (Catholic Belgium) remained in Spain. In 1584, William of Orange died while fighting, and this struggle finally ended with the United Provinces of the Netherlands being recognized as an independent country in 1648 in the Peace of Westphalia. |
| ACT OF SUPREMACY | 1534: Declared the king (Henry VIII) the "Supreme Govenor of the Church of England". Passed by parliament. |
| BRITISH PARLIAMENT | the British legislative body initiated (almost by accident after Hastings) when William creates a feudal system whereby he assembled a council of 1. Tenants in chief and 2. Ecclesiastics; before making laws. |
| MAGNA CARTA | This document, signed by King John of Endland in 1215 (deep in debt after Richard's costly crusades) is the cornerstone of English justice and law. Mainly a way for nobles to curb power of King. Led to Parliaments eventual creation. Declared that the king and government were bound by the same laws as other citizens of England. It contained the antecedents of the ideas of due process and the right to a fair and speedy trial that are included in the protection offered by the U.S. Bill of Rights |
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