| Term | Definition |
|---|
| anything that inteferes with the message is | noise |
| how many hours per day do we spend using media | 9 |
| those who determine what messages are delivered to consumers are | gatekeepers |
| what year was the telegraph invented | 1844 |
| who invented the telegraph | samuel morse |
| what year was the printing press invented | 1456 |
| who invented printing press | johannes gutenburg |
| what year were first magazines introduced | 1741 |
| studies that showed the effects of media-specifically 13 seperate investigations on influence of movies on children | payne fund studies |
| study that is the examination of how media effected voter behavior in 1940 election | peoples choice study |
| well informed people who help others interpert messages | opinon leaders |
| what is media literacy | understanding the message |
| what is the company that owns majority of radio stations | clear channel |
| what are the 4 biggest media companies | time warner-viacom cbs-general electric nbc universal-disney |
| what does AOL-time warner own | aol-time-people-sports illustrated |
| what does viacom CBS own | cbs-paramount |
| what does Universal/NBC/GE own | ge-nbc-universal film |
| what does Disney own | abc-espn |
| who says "the medium is the message" | marshall mcluhan |
| what are the 4 stages of diffusion of innovation theory | early majority-late majority-laggards-early adapters |
| when was photography invented | 1839 |
| who invented photography | niepece |
| when was the telephone invented | 1876 |
| who invented the telephone | alexander grahm bell |
| when was the phonograph invented | 1877 |
| who invented the phonograph | thomas edison |
| who invented the early jukebox | thomas edison |
| books, newspapers, and magazines are examples of | print media |
| what year was the whole booke of psalms made | 1644 |
| who was author of poor richards almanac | ben franklin |
| when was poor richards almanac written | 1732 |
| who wrote "a christmas carol" and what year | charles dickens in 1843 |
| when was uncle toms cabin written and by who | 1851 by harriet beecher stowe |
| when did dime novels become popular | late 1800's |
| what did uncle toms cabin do | helped end slavery and started the civil war |
| what did charles dickens "a christmas carol" in 1843 do | helped make christmas warm and fuzzy again |
| when did paperback books start | 1940's |
| when did paperback sales exceed harback | 1960 |
| how many copies has harry potter sold and in how many languages | 350 million in 63 languages |
| how many copies did the davinci code sell and in how many languages | 60 million in 44 languages |
| when did audiobooks start | 1990's |
| who helped newspapers gain more freedom and in what year | john peter zenger in 1735 |
| who started the penny press and what year | benjamin day in 1833 |
| what was the newspaper written by benjamin day | new york sun |
| who began the first modern newspaper chain and when | ew scripps in 1878 |
| style of reporting characterized by unprecedented sensationalism is | yellow journalism |
| how many newspapers will change hands in a typical year | 75-100 |
| what are the 4 major publishers | bartelsmann-pearson-news corp-time warner |
| what was the first newspaper | publick occurences both foreign and domestick |
| who started the first newspaper and when | benjamin harris in 1690 |
| which slander which is libel | slander is oral libel is written |
| when was the AP started | 1900 |
| what is the other wire service that is known for its international sources | reuters |
| where did term yellow journalism come from | the yellow kid comic |
| who started yellow journalism | joesph pulitzer |
| who started the new york sun and what year | benjamin day in 1833 |
| what was the imporantance of the new york sun | first daily newspaper |
| reporter who worked for pulitzer and went around the world in 72 days in an act of yellow journalism | nellie bly |
| story that hearst sent remington to cuba to draw pictures of the war but there was no war and so hearst invented the war himself is the | remington story |
| when was citizen kane made | 1941 |
| who wrote directed and starred in citizen kane | orson welles |
| what is known as the greatest movie ever made | citizen kane |
| who were the 2 reporters who broke the watergate story regarding nixon | bob woodward and carl bernstein |
| what was the highpoin for american journalism | the watergate era |
| what number is dallas in largest newspapers | 10th |
| wha number is star telegram in largest newspapers | 39th |
| who owns star telegram | mcclatchy |
| what are the 2 largest newspaper chains | gannet and mcclatchy |
| what is the largest daily metropolitian paper | new york times |
| what was the first book in america | bay psalm book |
| who started "american magazine" and what year | andrew bradford in 1741 |
| who started "general magazine" and what year | ben franklin in 1741 |
| how many issues did american magazine last | 3 |
| how many issues did general magazine last | 6 |
| what was the golden age for magazines | late 19th century |
| what were the factors that made the 19th century the magazine golden age | better postal rates-more educated readers |
| what was the first successful womens magazine and what year | ladies home journal in 1883 |
| what is an example of a sponsored magazine | national geographic |
| what is an example of a consumer magazine | people |
| what was the first newsmagazine and what year | time in 1923 |
| who invented the first news magazine | henry luce |
| what are the 3 top magazine publishers | time warner-conde nast-hearst |
| what magazines does time warner publish | time-people-sports illustrated |
| what magazines does conde nast publish | vanity fair-gq |
| what kind of magazines did hearst specialize in | womens magazines |
| who came up with radio waves | heinrich hurtz |
| who is the founder of radio | marconi |
| what year was british marconi started | 1897 |
| what year was american marconi started | 1899 |
| what was the first voice broadcast | the barretter |
| when was the barretter played | christmas eve 1906 |
| who was the voice on the barreter | fessenden |
| who invented radio tubes--also called audion | lee de forest |
| the legend that sarnoff stayed at the telegraph for 72 straight hours reporting deaths when the titanic sunk is known as what | sarnoff at the telegraph |
| when was the "music box memo" | 1915 |
| what was the golden age for magazines | 1885-1905 |
| the new england journal of medicine was the first what | online magazine |
| what call letter is used west of the mississippi | k |
| what call letter is used for east of the mississippi | w |
| when was RCA started | 1919 |
| what are the 4 primary partners with RCA in radio | general electric-westingtonhouse-at&t-united fruit |
| what was the first radio station and when | kdka in pittsburgh in 1920 |
| who started the first radio station | frank conrad |
| what was the first radio station also known as | the farmers station |
| what was the first broadcast commercial and when | weaf in new york in 1922 |
| who owned the first ever broadcast radio commerical | at&t |
| the rise of the radio networks in the 1920's involved what 4 companies | at&t-nbc-cbs-mutual |
| what act made the starting up of the FCC | radio act of 1934 |
| when was the golden age of radio | 1930-1950 |
| who was the voice of the war of the worlds broadcast in 1938 | orson welles |
| the war of the worlds broadcast was based on a novel by who | hg wells |
| when did heinrich hertz discover radio waves | 1887 |
| who invented the wireless telegraph and in what year | marconi in 1896 |
| when and what company was he first radio network | 1923 at&t |
| when did william paley buy CBS | 1927 |
| practice where radio companies paid radio DJ's to play their songs was known as | payola |
| when was the fist successful photography in motion | 1872 |
| who was the inventor of the first photo in motion in 1872 | muybridge |
| what is a kinetoscope | early motion picture viewer |
| what is a kinetograph | early motion picture camera |
| what year was the great train robbery made | 1903 |
| what was the first movie to use editing,first western, and had first chase scene | the great train robbery |
| what are nickelodeans | small movie theatres |
| the motion picture patents company started by edison is also known as what | the trust |
| what was the first modern feature film and when | the birth of a nation in 1915 |
| who was the person who was responsible for the first feature film the birth of a nation | dw griffith |
| when was the golden age for motion pictures | 1930-1950 |
| what was the first breakthrough year for sound | 1927 |
| what was the first ever movie with sound and what year | the jazz singer 1927 |
| what year did movie attendance peak | 1946 |
| what year were DVD's introduced | 1996 |
| what are the 3 major areas of film making | production-distribution-exhibition |
| what are the 7 major movie stdios | paramount-sony-warner brothers-disney-20th century fox-universal-dreamworks |
| the person who is usally responsible for the funding of the movie is the | executive producer |
| radio station that played for soldiers while at war that would tell soldier they were going to die and tell them about their family was | tokyo rose |
| who started CBS | edward r murrow |
| who coined the term rock and roll and was know as father of rock and roll | allen freed |
| who introduced the top 40 format | gordon mcclendon |
| when were transistor radios invented | 1954 |
| who started FM in 1939 | edwin armstrong |
| what was the first major rock song and by who | in a gadda da vida by iron butterfly |
| sirius and xm radio are examples of what kind of radio | satellite |
| what is the term for the thing that governs the radio workplace and decides what is played | the clock |
| the "book" in radio refers to what | the ratings |
| who invented celluloid film and when | goodman in 1887 |
| who invented continuous roll film and when | eastman in 1888 |
| the framerate for film is | 24 frames per second |
| the framerate for tv is | 30 frames per second |
| traveling shows in 1920's that did plays and had all kinds of entertainment were known as | vaudville shows |
| the artful juxtaposition of images to convey a meaning or emotion is what | the kuleshov effect |
| what was the first movie to win an academy award for best picture and when | wings 1927 |
| who was the "it" girl of her time | clara bow |
| what was the silent film in 1951 that defined german expression | metropolis |
| who did metropolis | fritz lang |
| who did the battleship potemkin in 1925 | sergei eisenstein |
| who did the untouchables in 1987 | brian de palma |
| what was the silent film era | 1900-1927 |
| what was one of the italian epics by george melies | trip to the moon |
| who was known as the major silent comedian of their time | charle chapman |
| when was united artist started | 1919 |
| what were the things movie goers saw that had sound that came before the movie | newsreels |
| who starred in the jazz singer | al jolson |
| what was the studio era | 1930-1970 |
| who was the director of westerns that made john wayne famous | john ford |
| what was one of the first westerns in 1938 that was directed by john ford | stagecoach |
| a genre where western goes to the city is | filmnoir |
| the movie directed by john huston that was a "B" movie and starred humphrey bogart was | the maltese falcon |
| what were B movies? A movies? | B movies were lower budget films while A movies were the feature film |
| what are the 3 killer B's | babies baseball bowling |
| average cost of making a movie | 60 million |
| average cost of promoting a movie | 36.2 million |
| average revenue for a movie | 37 million |
| who started "see it now" on CBS | edward r murrow |
| what would murrow say as he was getting off the radio | goodnight and goodluck |
| who are the 2 inventors that made tv a reality | vladimir zworykin and phio farnsworth |
| when and where was the formal initiation of commercial tv | 1939 at the worlds fair in new york |
| in the beginning what were the 4 major tv networks | nbc-cbs-abc-dumont |
| when was the tv golden age | 1948-1958 |
| who is the father of network tv news | john cameron swayze |
| networks began broadcasting all shows in color in | 1966 |
| public television was established in | 1967 |
| when did cable begin | 1950's |
| what was cable originally known as | community antenna television |
| who bought 20th century fox in 1985 | rupert murdoch |
| ampex introduced the first videotape recorder in | 1956 |
| who created the first superstation in what year | ted turner in 1976 |
| what are the 3 factors that determine size and profit of tv station | channel-the market-network affiliation |
| what number market in the US is DFW | 7th |
| what is a rating | the percentage of all homes with a tv that are tuned to a station at one time |
| what are the well known tv ratings system | nielsen media research |
| what are the 4 sweeps months | feburary-may-july-november |
| what year was HBO launched | 1975 |
| who showed the first newsreel in 1909 | charles pathe |
| what was the most acclaimed newsreel | march of time |
| who launched CNN in 1980 | ted turner |
| the person who is the driving force that brings financial and creative forces together is the | producer |
| what 2 men started the mechanical television | charles jenkins and john baird |
| who invented the iconoscope in 1923 | vladimir zworykin |
| who won patent battle agains NBC | philo farnsworth |
| what was one of the most watched things on tv in the early days | the 1947 world series |
| how many people watched the 1947 world series | 3.9 million |
| how many people watched world series in bars | 3.5 million |
| who invented the coaxial network in 1951 | at&t |
| the VHF channels are | 2-13 |
| the UHF channels are | 14 and up |
| the first major movie company to move into television was | disney |
| what was one of the early variety shows starring sid caesar | your show of shows |
| what was one of the most popular western shows | gunsmoke |
| what was the importance of the Feb 9, 1964 ed sullivan show | it was the first performance by the beatles in america |
| how many people were watching the ed sullivan show when the beatles performed | 73 million |
| what is a share | percentage of houses using a tv who are watching a specific channel at a specific time |
| what is the highest rated single program | final episode of mash |
| when were crime shows dominant | 1970's |
| what was the first show to use the 3 camera technique | i love lucy |
| who invented the gramophone and what year | emile berliner in 1888 |
| who started the victor talking machine company | emile berliner |
| license that said you can play any recording owned by BMI and ASCAP was | blanket license |
| ASCAP and BMI are | music licensing firms |
| when were jukeboxes becoming popular | 1927 |
| who was one of the early rock groups | bill haley and the comets |
| who was producer that put out elvis' record | sam phillips |
| when did stereo sound become popular | 1950's |
| what was the song by the beatles that changed the way songs were made | strawberry fields forever |
| what are the big 4 companies in the music business | universal-time warner-sony bmg-emi |
| who was the producer for the beatles | george martin |
| who was top selling band of all time | beatles |
| what is the top internet using nation | US |
| who invented the world wide web and what year | tim berners-lee in 1993 |
| what was the first web browser | mosaic |
| who is the top internet provider | aol |
| what is the top search engine | google |
| who is the father of public relations | ivy ledbetter lee |
| who started keystone studios | mack senate |
| who directed the silent film the gold rush in 1925 | charlie chapman |
| who hosted texaco star theatre | milton berle |
| who directed the movie goodnight and goodluck | george clooney |
| who did geroge clooney play in goodnight and goodluck | fred friendly |
| exposure retention then perception is known as what theory | dissonance theory |
| what is the top grossing film of all time | titanic |
| copy right expired files go where | public domain |
| what year did network news broadcast begin | 1948 |
| who started network news | edward r murrow |
| walter cronkite was a news anchor for what network | cbs |
| what is the longest running primetime show in history | 60 minutes |
| satellites are how many miles above the earth | 22300 |
| what was the first superstation | wtbs |
| what percentage of homes now have cable | 58 |
| how many satellite subscribers are there | 30 million |
| what is the main satellite company in the market | direct tv |
| quiz shows became popular in what decade | 1950's |
| who was the quiz show who did all the cheating | charles van doren |
| the ed sullivan show was what type show | variety |
| what network began broadcasting in color 5 years before the rest | nbc |
| what year was victor talking machine company started | 1901 |
| who developed the audio tape | the germans |
| what was the internet system set up by the government in 1969 | arpanet |
| what was the earliest form of advertising | handbills |
| what year were compact disks (CD's) introduced | 1982 |
| what band put out an album and let consumers pay whatever they want as the price | radiohead |
| how many ad's do we see per day | 3000 |
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