Apush final
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326 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 In 1686, James II attempted to restructure the entire New England area, including New York, by creating the_____ | Dominion of New England |
| The Frenchman who travelled deep into the North American interior in search of furs were known as__ | coureurs de bois |
| What sixteenth-century European upheaval had a profound impact upon England's settlement of the New World? | the Reformation |
| Enumerated goods | could be sold only to the mother country |
| At the time of Columbus's first voyage in 1492, | most educated Europeans did not believe the earth was flat |
| Columbus originally was determined to prove that | a westward water route to China exsisted |
| In their relations with the Native Americans, the French | tended to cultivate good relations because of the Native Americans' knowledge of fur trapping |
| By the end of the seventeenth century, Virginia could best be described as | a plantation society, dominated by a slave holding aristocracy |
| Anne Hutchinson's skillful self-defense at her trial before the magistrates of Massachusetts bay was ruined by | her claim of personal revelation. |
| The treaty of Tordesillas of 1492 resulted in | Portuguese control of Brazil |
| Which colonial group tended to be the most flagrant violators of the Navigation Acts | New England |
| The shifting patterns of the eighteenth-century colonial trade helped to | "anglicize" American culture |
| Although women arrived in Jamestown as early as 1608, the majority of immigrants to the colony were | young, single males who came as indentured servants |
| Puritans viewed which of the following as essential to their New England commonwealth? | a healthy family life |
| All of the following contributed to the rise of nation-states in Europe in the fifteenth century EXCEPT | feudalism |
| The peaceful ousting of James II by Parliament in 1688 was known as | the Glorious Revolution |
| The woman known as the "Protestant Queen" was | Queen Elizabeth of England |
| From the begining of colonization, Spain regarded her New World domain as primarily | a source of precious metal |
| In 1636, authorities in Massachusetts Bay banished Roger Williams because | of his defense of Native American rights and demand for separation of church and state |
| Of the estimated 11 million African slaves carried to America, the great majority were sent to | Brazil and the Caribbean |
| Large numbers of the first English settlers in the Carolinas came from | Barbados |
| Which of the following revolutionized early Native American cultures? | the development of agriculture |
| The great rebellion of Native Americans in New England in 1675 was known as | King Philip's war |
| Which of the following individuals was responsible for starting the Protestant Revolt in Europe? | Martin Luther |
| From 1686 until 1689, the royal governor of the Dominion of New England was | Edumund Andros |
| The Navigation Acts established the principle that | all of the above |
| The largest group of white, non-English immigrants to the colonies were | the Scotch-Irish |
| The French empire in North America succeeded because of the | fur trade |
| The explanation for the tremendous population growth of seventeenth-century New England can be found in the | long lives of New England settlers |
| Which of the following was NOT a possible cause of the Salem witchcraft histeria | Salem's history of engaging in occult practices |
| Which of the following wars between England and France had the greatest political and economic impact on colonial America? | the seven years' war (also called the "French and Indian War") |
| Upon arriving in the New World, English settlers | generally adapted old beliefs to the new environment |
| The leading figure at the Albany Congress, and designer of the Albany Plan, was | Benjamin Franklin |
| The Pilgrims, who left Holland to settle in AMerica, | did so because they believed that their way of life was being undermined by the ways of their Dutch hosts. |
| New England families were unique because of the presence of | grandparents |
| Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the Seven Years' War? | It lead to the creation of a new colony |
| The document in which the Pilgrims established a civil government for their Plymouth colony has become known as the | Mayflower Compact |
| The joint-stock company | encouragaed investment in colonial enterprises, which "limited liability" for the investors |
| The individual who did the most to promote English colonization of North America was | Richard Hakluyt |
| Geographically, the French claimed and settled | the Mississippi Valley and Canada |
| British authorities based their colonial commercial policies on the theory of | mercantilism |
| The term____was used in Spanish America to describe people of mixed European and Indian ancestry | mestizo |
| Unlike Virginia, Maryland was established | as a religious sanctuary for persecuted Catholics from England |
| The Great Awakening | took places in many regions of the colonies over several decades of the eighteenth century |
| Which one of the following was NOT a factor that stimulated English migration to the New World? | government lawss that forced the migration of the poorer classes |
| The selection of a site for Jamestown was primarily based o the settlers' | fear of surprise attacks |
| What did the Great Awakening, intercolonial trade, and the rise of the colonial assemblies have in common? | they all contibuted to a growing sense of shared indentity |
| The___company was responsible for the settlement of Jamestown in Virginia. | Virginia |
| The men largely responsible for Spain's conquest of the New World were known as | los conquistadores |
| The Half-Way Covenant of the seventeenth-century New ENgland | lessened, shomewhat, the requirments for baptism as a Congregationalist |
| Which of the following was NOT an important effect of the Great Awakening? | It strengthened the authority of the old colonial religions |
| Which rebellion was an outgrowth of tensions between the older Dutch patrons and the new Anglo-Dutch elite? | Leisler's Rebellion |
| Most Spanish colonists were | more racially tolerant than their English counterparts |
| The leader of the failed Roanoke colony was | Walter Raleigh |
| Which one of the following individuals was not a prominent preacher during the Great Awakening | John Locke |
| All of the following provided a basis for the Reformation in England EXCEPT | a literate and devout clergy |
| Which of the following countries is incorrectly matched with one of its colonies | England-Cuba |
| The attitude of King James I toward tobacco | showed that, in the end, he valued revenue more than good health. |
| The one American who, more than anyone else, symbolized the spirit of the Enlightenment was | Benjamin Franklin |
| Under the "headright" system in VIrginia, | all new arrivals who had paid their trans-Atlantic fares received fifty-acre land grants |
| In Massachusetts Bay, "freeman status" was granted to adult males who | were church members |
| THe single greatest factor that caused the destruction of Native Americans after contact with Europeans was | disease |
| The first institution of high learning founded in England's mainland colonies was | Harvard |
| The aggressive Native American people who occupied the valley of Mexico when the Spanish arrived were the | Aztecs |
| Jamestown might have gone the way of Roanoke had it not been for the perseverance of | Captin John Smith |
| The major source of Anglo-French conflict in the colonies was | control of the MIssissippi and Ohio Valleys |
| Seventeenth-century Quakers were known for their | belief in humility and pacifism |
| Unlike their southern counterparts, the first Englishmen who came to New England were | religious refugees |
| The English rehearsed for settlement in the New World by colonizing | Ireland |
| According to the religious philosophy of John Calvin and his followers, | God controlled who would receive salvation |
| The main staple of the Carolina colonies' and economy by close of the seventeenth century | rice |
| The Portuguese explored West Africa searching for | gold and slaves (both A and B) |
| Colonial ministers who opposed the Great Awakening were known as | "old Lights" |
| Which of the following does NOT accurately describe Bacon's purposes during the rebellion that bears his name | to abolish slavery and make Virginia a more deomcratice society |
| The two most important leaders of the Great Awakening in colonial America were | Johnathan Edwards and George Whitfield |
| Which one of the following individuals is INCORRECTLY associated with the colony he established | George Calvet-Pennsylvania |
| The factor most responsible for the growth in the American colonies bewtween 1700 and 1770 was the | natural reproduction of colonial families |
| Which one of the following was NOT a power possessed by royal governors in the American colonies | the right to dismiss elected members of the colonial assemblies |
| The first permanent European sttlement in North America was | St. Augustine |
| In order to better control the conquistadores in the New World, the Spanish government created | the encomienda |
| Which of the following wars between England and France had the greatest political and economic impact on colonial America? | the Seven Years' War(also called the "French and Indian War") |
| The major source of Anglo-French conflict in the colonies was | the control of the Mississippi and Ohio Valleys |
| Which of the following was NOT a consquence of the Seven Years' War? | It led to the creation of a new colony |
| Fort Duquesne was renamed | Pittsburgh |
| American colonists, in the years just after the conclusion of the Seven Years' War, could be characterized best as | optimistic about the future |
| In the 1760s and 1770s, most member of Parliament | had little understanding and knowledge of colonial affairs. |
| The central element in the Anglo-American debate over governance was known as | parliamentary soverignty |
| Central to the colonists' position in the Anglo-American debate over parliamentary powers was | their strong belief in the powers of their own provincial assemblies |
| A major source of information for the colonists was | newspapers |
| England passed the Coercive Acts in repsonse to | the Boston Tea Party |
| Aggravating the problems created by the Seven Years' War debt was | George III's desire to maintain a large standing army. |
| The Stamp Act of 1765 affected | the lives of ordinary people, as well as those of the elite |
| The boycott movement against the Stamp Act | mobilized colonial women to action |
| The _______extended Canadian boundaries into the Ohio Valley and recognized civil rights for Roman Catholics. | Quebec Act |
| The Boston massacre | raised the possibility of colonial armed resistance. |
| Samuel Adams' role prior to 1774 can best be described as | genuine revolutionary |
| The Tea Act of 1773 was passed in order to | save the East India Company |
| A major difficulty that confronted the Frist Continental Congress was | the fact that the delegates from different regions were unfamiliar with one another. |
| The most important responsiblity facing the Second Continental Congress was to | organize the colonies for war |
| Common Sense | provided the colonists with a rationale for revolution. |
| The Declaration of Independence | stated that all men "are created equal" and blamed George III for much of the impasse( both A and B) |
| Which of the following explains why England lost the war? | British strategists did not understand how to fight the war. |
| Americans who sided with the British during the War of Independence were known as | Loyalists |
| The radical American group which first emerged during the Stamp Act crisis was known as | the Sons of Liberty |
| In 1779, military strategists predicted that Britain's last chance for victory over the colonies lay in | a successful campaign in the American south |
| The Treaty of Paris of 1783 | allowed Americans the opportunity for an independent nation |
| Which of the following was NOT a task facing the new nation. | how to deal with harassment from the British |
| The British commander who surrendered at Yorktown in 1781 was | Cornwallis |
| The American victory that brought about the French alliance occured at | Saratoga |
| The English political philosopher most often cited by American rebels was | John Locke |
| Which of the following prohibited colonial settlement west of the Appalachian mountains | Proclamation of 1763 |
| The leader of the anti-Stamp Act movement in VIrginia was | Patrick Henry |
| The major consequence of the Boston Tea Party in 1773 was the passage of the | Coercive Acts |
| The Pamphlet _______presented justification to the Americans for their break with Great Britian | common sense |
| The tensions leading to the Boston Massacre were caused by | the presence of several thousand British soldiers in Boston. |
| Essential to the establishment of a colonial alliance with the French was the work of | Benjamin Franklin |
| One consequence of the Townshed Acts was | the strengthening of intercolonial unity |
| As a result of the Sugar Act, the duty on molasses was | reduced significantly |
| George II believed | the monarch should make policies for the empire. |
| For the British, French intervention meant | a change in military strategy |
| The Primary author of the Declaration of Independence was | Thomas Jefferson |
| The American Revolution was based upon the ideas of | European political thinkers |
| The foundation of John Lock's philosophy was that human beings | derive their rights from nature |
| Which of these was NOT among John Locke's key philosophical concepts? | checks and balances |
| The Declaration of Independence argued that | people should revolt when they suffer deep injustices |
| The American Revolution | was an essentially conservative movement that did not drastically alter the colonists' way of life |
| Under the Articles of Confederation, most power reseted with the | state legislatures |
| Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress had the power to | maintain an army and navy |
| Under the Articles of Confederation, power in the states began to shift to the hands of | middle-class farmers and craft workers |
| In post-Revolutionary America, state governors were often selected by | state legislatures |
| A small band of farmers in western Massachusetts took up arms in what is remembered as | Shays' Rebellion |
| After the Revolution, James Madison observed that "the most common and durable source of faction has been | the various and unequal divisions of property" |
| What was the significance of the Annapolis meeting? | it issued the original call for the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia |
| Those who met at the Constitutional Convention in 1787 were | wealthy planters, lawyers, and merchants |
| What was the original, sole, and express purpose of the convention in Philadelphia? | revise the Articles of Confederation |
| What view of human nature did the delegates at the Consitutional Convention have? | cynical-human beings are selfish and greedy |
| The______, offered as one possible scheme at the Consitutional Convention, called for each state to be equally represented in Congress | New Jersey Plan |
| Which of these was NOT one of the big three disagreements at the Constitutional Convention? | whether the courts should have the power of judicial reivew |
| As originally established by the Consitution, the House of Representatives had how many members from each state? | it depended on the state's population |
| The Connecticut Compromise at the Constitutional Convention | resolved the impass between those who favored the New Jersey Plan and those who preferred the Virginia Plan |
| In determining congressinal representation and taxation the Constitution | counted slaves as three-fifths of a person |
| Regarding the right to vote in national elections, the framers of the Constitution | decided to leave it up to the individual states to determine voter qualifications in their own states. |
| Which of the following was NOT one of the economic difficulties the writers of the COnstitution attempted to address? | lack of unemployment compensation and welfare payments |
| The framers of the Constitution gave the chief economic policymaking role to | Congress |
| The Constitution prohibited the states from doing each of the following EXCEPT | establishing a republican form of government |
| Two key elements of the Madisonian model were to | keep most of the government beyond the control of a popular majority and separate the powers of different institutions |
| The system of checks and balances in the Constitution means that | change usually comes slowly, if at all, and moderation and compromise are typical in our political system |
| The Federalist Papers were | essays in support of the ratification of the Constitution |
| Rarification of the Constitution | needed the approval of nine states. |
| Which of the following statements about the Anti-Federalists is False? | The Anti Federalists were basically unpatriotic and un -American |
| The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution | after the ratification process was complete, and partly to fulfill a promise to those who supported ratification |
| The constitution was ratified by | special conventions in each of the states |
| To propose a fomal amendment to the Constitution, one needs to have a | two thirds vote in Congress |
| How has the electoral college changed from the original intent of the framers? | Almsot all electors now vote for the presidential candidate who wins the most popular votes in the states |
| The Supreme Court in Marbury v. Madison (1803) asserted the power of the Court to | check the actions of the other branches through judicial review. |
| Civil Liberties | individual legal and constituional protections against the government |
| The_________is the final interpreter of the content and scope of Americans' civil liberties | Supreme Court |
| The Bill of Rights was adopted primarily in response to | British abuses of the colonists' civil liberties |
| In the case of___________, the Supreme Court ruled that the Bill of Rights restrained only the national government, not states and cities. | Barron v. Baltimore |
| The great freedoms of speech, press, religion, and assembly are contained in the | First Amendment |
| The____includes the clause "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion" | First Amendment |
| Thomas Jefferson argued that the First Amendment created a "wall of separation" between | church and state |
| The significance of Gitlow v. New York (1925) was that | a provision of the Bill of RIghts was applied to the states for the first time |
| In Lemon v. Kurtzman, the Supreme Court established that aid to church -related schools must do all of the following EXCEPT | inhibit religion |
| The abridgment of citizens' freedom to worship, or not to worship, as they please is prohibited by the | free exercise clause |
| In the Engel v. Vitale case of 1962, the Supreme Court ruled that_______was (were) unconstitutional | prayers done as classroom exercises in public schools |
| The Supreme Court has interpreted the establishment clause of the the First Amendment as | prohibiting school-organized Bible-reading and prayer in public schools |
| The Supreme Court has ruled that government aid to church -related schoools | is permited when the aid is for non-religious purpose |
| Which of the following is NOT a free exercise issue? | teacher led prayers in public schools |
| In regard to the free exercise clause, the Supreme Court has made each of the following rulings EXCEPT, | polygamy may be justified for Mormons on religious grounds |
| ______refers to a government's censorship of material before it is published | prior restraint |
| The Supreme Court has permitted prior restraint of which of the following? | high school newspapers |
| The Pentagon Papers dealt with | a documented history of United States involvement in Vietnam War which the government wanted kept secret |
| In the case of New York Times v. United States in 1971, the SUpreme Court ruled | against prior restraint in the case of the Pentagon Papers, which allowed them to be published |
| In Schenck v. United States (1919), Justice Homes said that speech can be restricted when it | provokes a "clear and present danger" to people |
| Constitutional protections of free speech are____on private property | diminshed |
| A shield law | gives reporters the right to withhold infomation from the courts |
| obscenity is | not protected under the Constitution |
| At the urging of feminists and conservative Christains, some cities have banned pornography on the ground it dehumanizes and endangers women. How have the courts dealt with these bands? | They have struck them down as violations of the First Amendments |
| The publication of statements known to be false that are malicious and tend to damage a person's reputation is called | libel |
| Wearing an arm band and burning a flag are examples of_____:actions that do not consist of speaking or writing but that express an opinion. | symbolic speech |
| Unreasonable search and seizures are specifically forbidden in the | fourth amendment |
| Unless they witness a crime, police officers cannot arrest a suspect without | probable cause |
| The Fifth amendment forbids | forced self-incrimination |
| In the case of Miranda v. Arizona, the Supreme Court ruled that | police must inform any suspect of a series of rights, including the constitutional right to remain silent |
| In the 1963 case of_______, the Supreme Court ruled that defendants in all felony cases had a right to counsel, and if they could not afford to hire a lawyer one must be provided | Gideon v. Wainwright |
| Most cases are settled with | plea bargaining |
| Cruel and unusual punishment is forbidden by the | Eighth amendment |
| In Roe v. Wade, the Supreme Court ruled that in the third trimester of pregnancy | states can ban abortion except when the mother's health is in danger |
| The idea that the Constitution guarantees a right to privacy was first enunciated in | Griswold v. Connecticut |
| The Adams-Onis Treaty | made Florida a U.S. territory |
| Between 1815 and 1824, the United States | grew rapidly in size and population |
| The founder of the American Fuy Company was | John Jacob Astor |
| Frontier pioneers | attempted to recreate the life they had left behind in the East |
| The first great federal transportation project was the | building of the National Roads |
| Who was credited with the introduction of the steamboat? | Robert Fulton |
| Under the______, manufactureers provided raw materials to people in their own homes and then picked up the finished products for distribution. | putting out system |
| Which one of the following was NOT a factor in making the South the world's greatest producers of cotton? | the discovery of new more productive species of cotton |
| The most spectacular engineering achievement of the young United States was | the Erie Canal |
| The term specie refers to | gold and silver. |
| The great showplace for early American industrialization was | Lowell, Massachusetts |
| Many Americans believed high tariffs would | prevent competition from foreign goods |
| The major advocate of the "American System" was | Henry Clay |
| The president most closely identified with the "Era of Good Feelings" was | James Monroe |
| The question of admitting Misouri to the Union in 1819 | stirred southern fears regarding the balance of power between North and South |
| As chief justice of the Supreme Court, John Marshall | emphasized the primacy of property and property rights |
| The "American System" called for | high tariffs, a national bank, agicultural protection, and internal improvements (all of the above) |
| The foreign policy initiative calling for an end to all European colonization effots in the Western Hemisphre was known as the | Monoroe Doctrine |
| The leader of the 1831 slave uprising in Southampton, Virginia, was | nat Turner |
| Slavery would not have lasted as long as it did except for | the place it held in the southern economy |
| The invention in the 1790s that permitted the great expansion of cotton cultivation was teh | cotton gin |
| In the south, social prestige and influence were determined by | the ownership of slaves |
| At the time of the Civil War, | one quarter of white southerners owned slaves |
| Which one of the following individuals tried to convince southern yeoman farmers that slavery actually reduced their standard of living | Hinton R. Helper |
| Yeoman farmers of the South could be found | in the back country of the south |
| Good physical conditions for slaves wer necessary to | ensure that they could work hard and bear children |
| Southern planters considered their slaves to be | children who required constant supervision |
| Nonslaveholders followed the leadership of slave owners because | of their desire to become slave owners |
| Most African Americans experience slavery | on plantations |
| Slaveholders continually indoctrinated thier slaves with the idea of | the God-ordained supremacy of whites. |
| The normal way for most slave to express discontent was | passive resistance |
| They typical runaway slave was | a young, unmarried man. |
| Perhaps the most prominent free African American in the United States in 1860 was | Frederick Douglass |
| The foundation of the African American culture was | religion |
| The african American family under slavery | emphasized kinship and mutual affection |
| THe popular hero of the 1830s was | the self-made man. |
| By the 1830s, which of the following groups were NOTdenied suffrage | white males. |
| Which one of the following was NOT a prominent American writer of the pre-Civil War era? | Nicholas Biddle |
| Martin Van Buren regarded a two-party system as essential to democratic government because | it provided a check on the temptation to abuse power. |
| Between 1824 and 1840, voter participation in elections | increased dramatically |
| In the election of 1824, Andrew jackson | could claim fame as a military hero |
| ___came to symbolize the triumph of democracy. | Andrew Jackson |
| John Quincy Adams' vitory in 1824 was aided by | Henry Clay |
| For Jacksonians, the major threat to AMerican democracy came from | "the money power" |
| In the election campaign of 1828, | great attention was paid to techniques for reaching the masses |
| In 1829, the social scandal in Washington, D.C. that resulted in shuffling of ANdrew Jackson's cabinet involved | Peggy eaton |
| The Trail of Tears refers to | the forced relocation of the Cherokees to Oklahoma |
| The nullification controversy occurred in the state of | South carolina |
| _____denied states the right to take Native American tribal lands. | Worcester v. Georgia |
| The leader of South Carolina's reaction to the tariff of 1828 was | John C. Calhoun |
| Andrew Jackson's attitude toward Native Americans was that | they should be removed to areas beyond white expansion |
| The nullification crisis was strongly influenced by | the personal feud between Jackson and Calhoun |
| From Jackson's response to the nullification crisis, one can conclude that he | believed in the limited use of federal power, but also that states were not truly sovereign |
| Who was the president of the national bank and Andrew Jackson's chief opponent in the "bank war" | Nicholas Biddle |
| A major criticism of the national bank was that | it concentrated too much power in the hands of the privileged |
| The strategic blunder made by Nicholas Biddle was | his decision to seek the bank's charter renewal four years early |
| Belief in a national bank, high tariffs, and federally-financed internal improvements best describes the policies of which party in the 1830s | Whigs |
| The Whig Party | grew from a coalition of Jackson's opponents |
| THe panic of 1837 was caused by | national and international economic conditions |
| The slogan "Tippecanoe and Tyler, TOO" refers to William Hnery Harrison's invoement in | a western battle with Native Americans |
| Typically, imigrants, Catholics, freethinkers, and backwoods farmers of the 1840s would be members of the the | Democratic Party |
| Andrew Jackson's group of close friends and unofficial advisors were known as the | Kitchen Cabinet |
| A media event is | staged primarily for the purpose of being covered by the press |
| New management in the reagan White House operated on each of the followin gprinciples EXCEPT | expand reporters' access to the president |
| The first president to manipulate media politics with many press conferences and fireside chats successsfully was | Franklin Roosevelt |
| The cozy relationship between politicians and the press in the twentieth centrury lasted until | The Vietnam War and Watergate |
| The use of detective -like reporting methods to unearth scandals is known as | investigative journalism |
| Today's new people workin an enviornment of __toward government. | Cynicism |
| The Associated Press is an example of a | Wire service |
| The principal source of new and information and most Americans today is | The broadcast media |
| Following the first Nixon-Kennedy presidential debate of 1960, opinion polls showed that | Thos who wateched on television thought kennedy had won while those who listened over the radio though Nixon won |
| In general, magazines are | Not a major source of news in the United States |
| Richard Nixon believed he lost the 1960 presidential election because | He was sweating and had ugly beard stubble during a debate with Kennedy. |
| Television became especially important in bringing the reality of__home to America as its first heavily televised war | The Vietnam War |
| Cable New Network(CNN) | had brought television into a new era of bringing new to the people and political leaders as it happens |
| Individuals aged 24 and under are | less likely than older individuals to follow the news using television, newspapers, or radio |
| Narrowcasting refers to | media programming aimed at a particular (narrow) audience |
| To a large extent, commercial telecision newtworks define news as what is _______to viewers | entertaining |
| Most news organizations assign their best reporters to particular___, which are specific locatino swhere new frequently emanates | beats |
| Newspaper magnates Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst tried to oudo one another in sensatinoal reportin go wars, violence, corruption, and gossip around the turn of the twentieth century in what is now remembered as the era of | yellow journalism |
| The bottom line that shapes how journalists define the news, where they get the news, and how they present it is | profits |
| New is what | is timely and different |
| Television news programs are tailored to | a fairly low level of audience sophisticaiton |
| Reporters and their official sources usually have a(n)_____________relationship | symbiotic |
| A trial balloon is a | method used by public figures of leaking cretain stories to reporters to see what the political reaction will be |
| During the first Persian Gulf War reporters | were denied freedom of movement and had only limited access to accurate military information on a timely basis |
| Most news coverage is pergaps best described as | superficial |
| Sound bites are | short clips of a political speech lasting gigteen seconds or less |
| The average amount of airtime that a presidential canidate has been given to talk uninterrupted on the TV news | has declined dramaticallly since the 1960s |
| Which of the following statements about television inews is FALSE? | Television analysis of news events has been rapidly increasing |
| A 2002 survey of 1,149 journalists found that, compared to the general public, journalists were twice as likely to consider themselves | liberals |
| A talking head is a | shot of a person speaking directly into the television camera |
| The news does not mirror reality because | journalists must select stories taht will draw the largest audience |
| Critics of the "minimal effects hypothesis" about the media's effect on public opinion point to the media's role in | shaping what priotiry Americans attach to problems |
| The media seem to have the least effect in terms of | how people vote |
| Agenda-setting effects on public opinion are an example of how | the media cue individuals about what political issues are important to think about |
| The policy agenda is | a list of priorities to which government officials adress their time and energies |
| A political entrepreneur is | someone who works to get ideas on the government's policy agenda |
| The media usually report on AMerica's social problems in a manner that | encourages government to take on more and more tasks |
| Regarding the amount of news coverage each gets on the network news, | the president receives almost twice as much coverage as Congress |
| The watchdog orientation of the press helps to | restrict politicians |
| For many Americans, George Washington was | a symbol of the new government |
| Which of the following individuals is innocrrectly matched with his position in George Washington's first cabinet? | James Madison-Secretary of War |
| Which of the following would ALexander Hamilton have proposed? | providing government subsideies to manufacturers |
| Hamilton's Report On The Public Credit recommended | that the federal government assume remaining state debts |
| Opposition to Hamilton's proposed national bank | was led by James Madison and Thomas Jefferson. |
| The Bank of the United States was based on the doctrine of | implied powers |
| During Washington's second term in office | foreign affairs became a much more important focus. |
| When war broke out in Europe, Washington | steered a patho of neutrality for the nation |
| The Genet affair involved | France's use of American ships in violation of United states pledge of neutrality. |
| Members of the Federalist Party | supported a strong national government |
| Washington believed that the Whiskey Rebellion | presented a direct threat to the nation |
| Washington's Farewell Address | advised against permanent alliances with nations that weren't interested in promoting American security. |
| The intention of the Naturalisation Law was to | allow Federalists to maintain political control |
| Why did the Sedition Act distress many AMericans? | It threatened their political rights |
| According to the Kentucky Resolutions, | states had the right to nullify federal law under certain circumstances. |
| Which law was an infringement on the First Amendment rights of many Americans | Sedition Act |
| Jffersonians' fear of strong financial institutions was based on | their belief that they were the root of corruption in the British government |
| Which rebellion provided Washington with an opportunity to show the strength of the new nations? | Whiskey Rebellion |
| Which native American leader attempted to unify the tribes against white settlement? | Tecumseh |
| The chief function of AMerican cities during the Jeffersonian era was as | depots for international trade |
| Which of the following statements is NOT true of President THomas Jefferson? | He loved the military and saw it as America's greatest asset |
| Which of the following factors contributed to Thomas Jefferson's decision to make the Louisiana Purchase? | Spain closing the port of New Orleans to AMerican commerce |
| What difficulty did Jefferson face in purchasing the Louisiana Territory? | the constitutionality of his actions |
| The Barbary States were located in | North Africa |
| The decision in Marbury v. Madison was the first time the Supreme Court | ruled on the constitutionality of federal laws |
| In the famous duel of Jully 11, 1804, Aron Burr killed | Alexander Hamilton |
| On the issue of slavery, Jefferson | wanted the slave trade outlawed |
| In response to European war, Jefferson | tried to avoid American involvement. |
| The effect of the Embargo Act was | economic mayhem in the United States |
| The Chesapeake Affair of 1807 | violated American sovereignty |
| Which of the following authorized American trade with all nations except Britain and France? | Non-Intercourse Act |
| These congressment believed it was imperateive that the United States aquire Canada | War hawks |
| Which of the following groups opposed war with Great Britain | New Englanders |
| Which of the followign wa NOT a major British strategic objective in the War of 1812? | occumpation of New York City |
| At the Battle of New Orleans, | British forces were annihilated by Andrew Jackson and his troops. |
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