| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Discrimination refers to a wrongful act that deprives a person of some public benefit or opportunity, such as employment or education, due to the person's membership in a group towards which there is substantial prejudice. Discrimination in employment refers to the unequal treatment of many racial, ethnic, and religious groups, as well as women, in such matters as hiring, compensation and promotion. | Discrimination: What is it? |
| 3 basic elements The decision about an employee or potential employee is made not based on individual merit such as ability to perform a job, seniority, or other qualifications The decision derives solely or in part from racial or sexual prejudice, false stereotypes or morally unjustified attitudes towards the members of the class to which the employee belongs The decision has a harmful or negative impact on the interests of the employee | Discrimination in employment |
| Levelling the playing field Fighting stereotypes Compensation Improving image Empowerment Diversity | Arguments for Employment Equity |
| Reverse discrimination Class issue Victim mentality Self-hatred The merit principle Tokenism | Arguments against Employment Equity |
| Three views: Utilitarian Rights Justice | Why is discrimination wrong? |
| Maximising utility means that jobs should be assigned to the most qualified- discrimination is inefficient Problems with utilitarian approach Society | Utilitarian |
| People are equal People have equal rights People are ends, not means Discrimination cannot be universalized (Kant) | Rights |
| Equal opportunities must be ensured for all (Rawls' original position ) Individuals who are equal in all respects relevant to the kind of treatment in question should be treated equally | Justice |
| Recruitment practices Advertisement and referral Screening practices Aptitude or other tests, qualifications Promotion practices Seniority, aptitude, qualification, supervisor Conditions of employment Wage, part-time, job type Discharge Lower seniority for minorities | Some discriminatory practices |
| There is disagreement as to what specifically constitutes sexual harassment. Includes Unwanted physical touching. Recurring requests for dates when it is made clear the person isn't interested. Coercive threats that a person will lose her or his job if she or he refuses a sexual proposition. | Examples of Sexual Harassment |
| More subtle forms (harder to interpret): Unwanted looks or comments Off-colour jokes Sexual artifacts such as nude calendars in the workplace Sexual innuendo Misinterpretations of where the line between "being friendly" ends and "harassment" begins | Examples of Sexual Harassment |
| Creating a hostile environment Morality in a garage Affecting performance Dirty jokes Free speech Employers cannot claim "I didn't know" They should know what is going on | Issues surrounding sexual harassment |
| After many years of AA, EE, and similar laws/policies: Policies to prevent intentional acts Policies to prevent unintentional ones Is discrimination still practiced? Is it institutionalised? Is it intentional? Do we still need these laws? | Discrimination today |
| Women & minorities make up most new workers Women are steered into low-paying jobs and face a glass ceiling and sexual harassment Minorities need skills and education but lack these | The changing workforce |
| Discrimination in Education Qualifications Glass ceiling (sticky floor) Employment development Income Neighbourhood | The Vicious Cycle |
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