SHSGEO Chapter 12 (Culture and History): Europe
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16 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Ethnic cleansing | The mass expulsion and killing of one ethic or religious group in an area by another ethnic or religious group. |
| Refugee | A person forced to leave his or her home seeking protection from danger. |
| City-state | A sovereign state comprising a city and its immediate hinterland. |
| Middle Ages | The historical period from around 500 A.D. up to around 1450 A.D. between the fall of Rome and the birth of the Renaissance. |
| Feudalism | A political and social system that developed during the Middle Ages; nobles offered protection and land in return for service. |
| Crusades | A series of holy wars from 1096-1270 AD undertaken by European Christians to "free" the Holy Land from Muslim rule. |
| Renaissance | A period of European history, lasting from about 1300 to 1600, during which renewed interest in classical culture (Greece and Rome) led to far-reaching changes in art, learning and views of the world. |
| Reformation | A religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches. |
| Enlightenment | Movement during the 1700's that spread the idea that knowledge, reason, and science could improve society |
| Industrial capitalism | An economic system in which business leaders use profits to expand their companies |
| Communism | A political system in which the government owns all property and dominates all aspects of life in a country. |
| Reparations | Payment for damages. |
| Holocaust | The Nazi program of exterminating Jews under Hitler. |
| Cold War | Period of conflict and tension between the U.S. and Soviet Union that lasted from 1945 until 1991 when communism collapsed in the Soviet Union. |
| Good Friday Peace Agreement | An agreement in 1998 that paved the way for Protestant and Roman Catholic communities to share political power in Northern Ireland |
| Welfare state | A system in which the government takes responsibility for its citizen's social and economic needs. |
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