US History 2112
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96 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 10% Plan | Late 1863; 10% of popular vote to return and all but soldiers and politicians are pardoned |
| 14th Amendment | June 16, 1866; forbids any state to abridge the privile immunities of citizens or deprive any person of life, liberty or property without due process |
| 13th amendment | December 1865; abolished slavery throughout the union |
| 15th amendment | Ratified 1870; forbids states to deny any person the vote on grounds of race, color or previous condistion of servitude |
| Alexander G. Bell | Telephone inventor 1876 |
| American Protective Association | APA; hated catholics and immigrants; 1887-1893 |
| Andrew Carnegie | Steel bilionaire; distributor of wealth (philanthropist) |
| Barbed wire | invented by Joseph Glidden |
| Battle of Little Big Horn | 1876; 210 7th calvary men killed with Custer |
| Bicycling | denied to women in victorian times, popular by end of century |
| black codes | laws passed in south to limit rights of free'd slaves |
| Birmingham, AL | Rich in iron ore after civil war; "pittsburgh of the south" |
| Buffalo Soldiers | 9th and 10th calvary, civil war vets of color; 18 won congressional medal of honor |
| Charles Guiteau | Shot President Garfield in the back; July 2 1881; "I am a stalwart" |
| Chester Arthur | Vice President of President Garfield that took presidency upon death |
| Chief Joseph | Nez Perce Great Chief; scholar and author; Never defeated, finally surrendered |
| Chinese exclusion act of 1882 | Federal law the restricted the immigration of chinese; repealed in 1943 |
| Comprimise of 1877 | Deal made to resolve disputed presidential ellection of 1876; Republican Rutherford Hayes won |
| Comstock Lode | Nevada gold and silver mine; HTP Comstock owned; $300 million total |
| Cornelius Vanderbilt | Railroad Baron around New York; Died 1877 |
| Crazy Horse | Lakota war chief, no one knows what he looks like |
| Crop-lien system | Merchants ran a tab for supplies in return for leins on their crops |
| Daniel DeLeon | Marxist, leader of socialist labor party, non violent |
| debt peonage | post civil war version of slavery; debt by farmer forced labor and imprisonment |
| Elizabeth Cady Stanton | advocate of womens rights and reformer |
| exodusters | Followed "Benjamin "Pap" Singleton to kansas; blacks making their exodus from the south |
| farmers union | ... |
| G. H. Hammond | 1869 invented refridgerated railcar; chicago meat packer |
| Geronimo | chief of chiricahua apaches, captured 1886 to end indian wars |
| Wovoka | Jack Wilson, religious leader of Paiute indians that had vision of Ghost Dance in 1888 |
| Ghost Dance | Dance done with special gear and bleached shirts by indians to bring back their land in 1888 |
| gilded age | Book by Mark Twain, time period when captains of industry ran country, 1865 to 1900 |
| Grandfather Clause | allowed illiterates to vote if their grandfathers could in 1867 |
| great railway strike of 1877 | caused riot that killed 100, first major interstate strike, failed |
| Grover Cleveland | 22nd and 24th president, won popular election 3 times |
| half-breeds | Politican party that was half loyal to President Grant; opponents of the stalwarts |
| Henry Grady | Major prophet of the new south, editor of the atlanta constritutional |
| Herbert Spencer | Sociolist inventor of Social darwinism |
| Holding companies | Main company that owns many others, allows ways around monopoly laws |
| Hull House | Settlement house run by Jane Addams to help and protect women and children in 1912 |
| J.P. Morgan | Rich Financier, first billion dollar compny in US |
| James Blaine | Won the polular vote in 1876 for president, lost in the great comprimise of 1877 though |
| Jane Addams | Opened and ran the Hull House, won the nobel peace prize in 1931 |
| Jay Gould | Robber Railroad baron, cheated and swindled millions in railway deals |
| John Rockefeller | Oil industry millionaire |
| Lester Frank Ward | Reform darwinist; said human brain sets us apart from social darwinism |
| Logrolling | Term that means trading favors in a political way, coined by Davy Crocket |
| Lucy Stone | Women's right advocate, first woman to receive a degree |
| Manifest destiny | Phrase used to back up push out west and taking of indian land |
| Marie Van Vorst | War letters of an american woman |
| Mary Elizabeth Lease | Female lawyer; Charismatic speaker on farms, sufferage and temperance |
| Mass Transit | Allowed suburbs to be formed and cleaned up the animal refuse in cities |
| Massacre of Wounded Knee | 200+ frozen and starving indians were killed by soldiers (25 died) on Dec 29, 1890 |
| Military Reconstruction Act | ... |
| Molly Maguires | Irish Coal miners used violence in union activities; 1870 |
| Morrill Acts of 1862 | Land grant colleges formed; 30,000 acres per congress member which income was applied to colleges |
| Morrill Act of 1890 | Federal grants were given to land grant colleges |
| Mother Jones | Widowed and children killed, she took on the labor union as her child and advocated, marched and spoke strongly |
| Mugwumps | Good-goverment; "goo-goos" in 1884 |
| Mulligan letters | "proof" that James Blaine was in cahoots with the railroad barons and had sold his votes to them while a senator |
| National Labor union | 1866 formed national labor party convention in Baltimore; 8 hr work day |
| New South Creed | ... |
| Nicodemus, Kansas | Founded by "Pap" and the exodusters |
| Nicola Tesla | Alternating current Motor inventor |
| Padrones | labor recruiters that swindled immigrants and took percentage of pay |
| Patrons of husbandry | Farmers social group that became involved in politics and business |
| Pendleton Civil service act of 1883 | Push to value merit over patronage or politics in federal jobs |
| Plessy vs Ferguson | Homer Plessy (mixed race) refused to leave a whies only railcar; supreme court ruled against him |
| private philanthopists | Wealthy people that donated money to assist in education and services |
| Promontory Point, Utah | Completion of the first transcontinental railway in 1869 |
| railroads | Transportation that allowed fast and regular movement across the country of people and merchandise |
| Reform Darwinism | William Sumner's belief that our intellect raises us above the social darwinism theory put forth by Spencer |
| Rev Henry W. Beecher | Harriet Beecher's (uncle Tom's Cabin) brother; new york minister who preeched social darwinism, unworthieness of the poor and that the souther planters should reconstruct south |
| Roscoe Conkling | Stalwart party leader;good looks and arrogant |
| Rutherford Hayes | President that started merit reform, won great comprimise election of 1876 |
| saloons | Poor mans social clubs |
| sand creek massacre | Nov 29, 1864 Chivington killed 200+ unarmed indians coming for a peace treaty at Ft Laramie |
| scalawags | unionists in the south after the war, seen as betrayers and exploiting reconstruction |
| Sears & Roebuck | Mail order catalog helped create a national market for goods |
| sharecropping | Farmers worked the owners land in return for a share of the crop (half) |
| Social darwinism | Evolutionist social theory that explainged class distinctions and poverty |
| Social gospel movement | Turn of the century movement to address social problems by churches |
| southern intransigence | rebellious states of the South toward the North, lack of southern comprimise |
| stalwarts | politican party lead by Conkling that was known for "spoils" and "good old boy" systems |
| Temple University | Started out as night school and grew into university in Philidelphia |
| The Farmer's Alliance | social, political national farmers group |
| The Grange | National Patrons of husbandry, National farmers social, economic and political group |
| The redeemers | Known as the bourbons in the north, politicians that helped reconcile the old and new south during reconstruction |
| Thomas Edison | Invented the light bulb in 1879 and phonograph in 1877 |
| U.S. Steel | J. P. Morgan's was the first billion dollar company, included Carnigie's steel company as well. Holding company |
| Uriah Stephens | Leader of the knights of labor |
| Wade-Davis Bill | Bill that lincoln veto'd, congresses reconstruction bill that required a majority of people in south to vote and pledge alliagance before being allowed back in the union |
| Washington Gladden | Religious leader that preached "thou shalt love thy neighbor as theyself" and supported labor movements |
| Waving the bloody shirt | When politicians reference the blood of martyrs to make a point |
| William McKinley | McKInley Tarriff raised taxes on manufactured goods to highest point ever, he was not re-elected because of it |
| workingman's party of california | Anti-chinese group that errupted into violence in the sand-lot incident and was politically sucessful |
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