| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Hapsburg | § European ruling family § Expanded territory through alliances. Together Spanish & Austrian ruling families dominated Europe |
| Joan of Ark | French peasant woman. Commanded an army. 100 year war. Claimed divine guidance. Captured by the English and tried for heresy. |
| Ottomans | Nomadic, Islamic steppe people . Conquered Balkan, eastern Europe, north Africa and middle East. Captured Byzantium in 1453. Seized Constantinople. |
| Petrarch | Father of humanism. Collected ancient texts. Translated them. Wrote Letters to a Woman, a love story. Italian. Poet, epic author . |
| Johannes Gutenberg | Developed a moveable type (1450). German business man. Made expansion in printing books possible. Increased literacy rate. |
| Niccolo Machiavelli | Author of The Prince 1513. Separated politics from morality and religion. "the good state is a strong state" |
| Thomas More | Author of Utopia. Christian Humanist. Chancellor to Henry VIII . Beheaded for not signing the Act of Supremacy. |
| Lorenzo DeMedici | Ruler of Florence. Patron of the Arts. Commissioned "The David" by Michelangelo. |
| Marco Polo | Traveled to China, traded with Mongols. Venetian merchant 13th century . Wrote about wealth of the east. |
| Bartholomeu Diez | Portuguese explorer. Sailed to southern tip of Africa 1488. Portuguese colonies along west coast of Africa, traded slaves. Led monopoly of African trade. |
| Vasco de Gama | Followed same route as Bartholomeu Diez.Sailed across Indian ocean. Linked East and West by water. Led a monopoly on Indian trade. |
| Christopher Columbus | Italian explorer funded by queen Isabella. Tried to sail West to China, reached America instead. |
| Magellan | Portuguese explorer, sailed for Spain. Sailed around the world but died before he reached Spain. Proved world was round. |
| Cortez | Spanish explorer. Conqueror. Sailed without Spanish authority. Took over Aztec Empire. |
| Pizzaro | Took over Incan empire.Spanish Explorer . Conquistador . Brought back gold and silver. |
| Boccaccio | Follower of Petrarch. Wrote the Decameron. |
| Erasmus | Prince of Christian Humanism. Wrote Praise of Folly a religious comedy. First critique of church abuses. Translated texts . |
| Giotto | Pioneer of naturalism in painting. Dimensional perspective. Light and shadow. Religious paintings. |
| Botticelli | Commissioned by Lorenzo DeMedici to paint birth of Venus. One of the first to use figures of classical mythology in paintings. From Florence. |
| Michelangelo | Commissioned to paint Sistine chapel. Designed dome of Saint Peter's. |
| Da Vinci | Mona Lisa. Embodiment of "Renaissance man" Ideals. Studied anatomy. Painted Last Supper .Inventor, painter, engineer, sculptor, architect. |
| Isabella d'Este | Woman patron (commissioned self portraits). Humanisticly educated. Florentine, wealthy. |
| Brunelleschi | Rediscovered the dome. Studied the Pantheon. Florence Cathedral's dome. |
| Raphael | School of Athens. Known for his "Madonna's" Died at 28. |
| William Shakespeare | Elizabethan writer. Co-owner Globe theater. Allowed orphans to watch his shows for free. |
| Martin Luther | German monk. Questioned church doctrine. Hated the sale of indulgences. 95-Theses . |
| Pope Leo X | Excommunicated Luther (1520). "squabble between monks" |
| Jacob Fugger | German business man. Richest banker. One of the first philanthropist. Financed monarchs. |
Combine with other sets
Share on Facebook
Share on MySpace