| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Big Bang | Georges Lemaitre proposed that this event marked the beginning of the universe; took place 14 billion years ago; involved the explosion of a singularity |
| Cambrian | began about 500 million years ago; marks the origin of major animal groups and Hox genes |
| Ice Age | began about 2.8 million years ago; corresponds with the initial settlement of Galapagos finches |
| Industrial Revolution | took place during the 19th centry; explains the microevolution of Biston betularia |
| K/T boundary | divides the Cretaceous period from the Tertiary period; the well known mass extinction from the dinosaurs took place at this time, 65 million years ago |
| Permian period | the end of this period took place 250 million years ago and corresponds with the largest mass extinction, as well as the formation of Pangaea II |
| Secondary epochs | Charles Darwin's name for prehistory periods |
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