1.
anterior cord: caused by flexion injuries; motor function, pain and temperature sensation are lost below lesion
2.
Arnold Chiari Syndrome: a portion of the cerebellum and medulla oblongata slip down through the foramen magnum
3.
arthrogryposis: weakness, deformities and associated joint contractures
4.
autonomy/confidentiality: OT personnel shall respect the recipients to assure their rights
5.
beneficence: OT personnel demonstrate concern for the safety and well-being of recipients of their service
6.
blocked practice: involves repeated performance of the same motor skill (numerous identical cans)
7.
cauda equina syndrome: injury at L1 level and below resulting in lower motor neuron lesion; flaccid paralysis with no spinal reflex activity
8.
central cord: resulting from hypertension injuries and presenting as more upper extremity deficits vs lower extremities
9.
continuous quality improvement: prevention is emphasized; views limitations and problems proactively as opportunities to increase quality
10.
conus medullaris: injury of the spinal cord and lumbar nerve roots resulting in lower extremity motor and sensory loss and a reflexic bowel and bladder
11.
criterion validity: is reported as a correlation; compares the assessment tool to another one with already established validity
12.
diplegia: involves less upper extremity involvement and greater lower extremity functional impairment
13.
duty: OT personnel shall achieve and continually maintain high standards of competence
14.
dynamic interactional approach: "asking the client how they know the items are correct"; awareness questioning to help the individual identify successes, detect errors, estimate task difficulty and predict outcomes
15.
face validity: establishes how well the assessment instrument appears on the "face" of it
16.
fidelity: treat colleagues and other professionals with respect, fairness, discretion, and integrity
17.
hemiplegia: involves the upper and lower extremity on the same side
18.
monoplegia: involves one extremity
19.
non-maleficence: avoid opposing or inflicting harm upon the recipient of services
20.
norms: are used for comparative analysis of an individual's score
21.
performance assessment and improvement: a systematic method to evaluate the appropriateness and quality of services
22.
procedural justice: OT personnel shall comply with laws and Association policies guiding the profession of occupational therapy
23.
prospective review: evaluation of proposed intervention plan that specifies how and why care will be provided; used by third party payers to approve proposed OT intervention program
24.
qualitative methodology: a form of descriptive research that studies people (individually or collectively) in their natural, social and cultural context; minimal interpretations by the investigator; meanings can only be ascribed by participants; observations are unstructured and ever changing according to the contexts and results of observations
25.
quantitative methodology: true experimental: classic two-group design (control vs experimental); the two levels of treatment together constitute the independent variable being manipulated; observations are structured and formalized (quasi-experimental)
26.
random practice: involves performance of several tasks in random order to encourage re-formulation of the solution (different shapes, sizes, and/or weights)
27.
risk management: identifies, evaluates and takes corrective action against risk and plans, organizes and controls the activities and resources of OT services to decrease actual or potential losses
28.
spina bifida meningocele: protrusion of a sac through the spine, containing cerebral spinal fluid and meninges no spinal cord (moderate involvement)
29.
spina bifida myelomeningocele: protrusion of a sac through the spine containing cerebral spinal fluid, meninges and spinal cord (severe); results in motor and sensory deficits
30.
spina bifida occulta: no external manifestations; may have an exposed pouch (mild involvement)
31.
tethered cord syndrome: occurs in the tail end of the spinal cord when it is stretched as a result of compression; trapped with a fatty mass
32.
total quality management: the creation of an organizational culture that enables all employees to contribute to an environment of continuous improvement to meet or exceed consumer needs
33.
Type I error: the null hypothesis is rejected by the researcher when it is true
34.
Type II error: the null hypothesis is not rejected by the researcher when it is false
35.
validity: measures the assessment's accuracy to determine if the tool measures what it is intended to measure
36.
veracity: OT personnel shall provide accurate information when representing the profession
