Endotoxemia
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Created by:
rjones6045 on June 18, 2011
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22 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 _____ is associated (the result of) with the development of endotoxemia. | shock |
| What is shock? | the failure of the circ. system to maintain adequate blood flow |
| What is the most common cause of shock in horses? | endotoxemia |
| What response to endotoxemia results in multiple organ dysfunction and ultimately failure? | systemic inflammatory response syndrome |
| Endotoxemias are always caused by ? why? | gram - bacteria; they are the only bacteria w/ endotoxins in their cell walls |
| What portion of the endotoxin is most antigenic and stimulates the largest immune response? the least? | polysaccharide 0 chain; lipid A portion |
| Which three dz's of horses most often result in endotoxemia? | pleuropneumonia; any GI dz (even mild indigestion) and metritis/placentitis |
| Why are neutrophils generally decreased in endotoxemia? | they have migrated to the marginating pool |
| In horses, whatever happens to the neutrophil count will be reflected in the? | total WBC count |
| ______ other lines of WBC's affect the total count like neutrophils do. | NO |
| High doses of endotoxin do what to lymphocytes? | decrease |
| Until a horse has < ______ lymphocytes, it is not lympopenic. | 1000 |
| The normal horse has total WBC countaround? | 6-15,000 |
| What are really the only two causes of lymphopenia in horses? | stress; viral dz |
| What system is used to quantify the severity of illness in intensive care patients? | APACHE |
| What is the primary goal of tx of horses w/ endotoxemia? | remove inciting cause |
| Abx treatment and subsequent death of gram - organisms and subsequent massive release of endotoxin is only of concern in the _____horse. | young |
| What are the three most common reasons horses have protein loss? | pleuropneumonia peritonitis severe colitis |
| What are two tx that neutralize circulating endotoxin? | endoserum; polymyxin B |
| How does flunixin meglumine tx endotoxemia? | anti-endotoxic effect is purely thru the inhib. of inflam mediators |
| Which drug is given to reduce edema, is a free radical scavenger, and is an anti-inflam. reduces platelet aggreg? | DMSO |
| Why is lidocaine indicated for the tx of endotoxemia? | inhibits hemodynamic and cytokine response to endotoxins |
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