| Term | Definition |
|---|
| ecology | study of the interaction between the living and nonliving things in ecosystems |
| environmental science | study of how humans interact with the environment |
| biodiversity | variety of animals and plants in a certain place |
| Nonrenewable | a resource that can be broken down by natural processes such as animal and plant products |
| natural | coal, copper, trees,soil are examples of a countries_______ resources |
| pollution | substances that are let into the environment that are very harmful |
| Industrial Revolution | when man started building and used machines |
| resource depletion | to use up the supply of a resource |
| non-biodegradable | not capable of being decomposed |
| renewable | something that can be used again |
| Hunters and gatherers | nomads following animals and crops |
| example of a nonrenewable recourse | minerals ect... |
| an important effect that hunter-gathers societies may have had on the enviroment | extinction |
| describes the use of a renewable resource | building wooden furniture ect.... |
| hypothesis | predicts the relationship between independent and dependent variables |
| scientific method | process that scientists use to answer questions or solve problems |
| independent variable | The variable that is manipulated or tested by an expirementer |
| control group | the group with no treatment |
| experimental group | group with treatment |
| dependent variable | results of an experiment |
| analysis | section of lab report that contains the graph of dependent variable |
| data | section of lab report that only contains raw data and their units |
| procedure | detailed list on how to carry out procedure |
| 1st Law Thermodynamics | energy cannot be created or destroyed |
| 3rd Law Thermodynamics | brownian motion will stop in the absence of heat or 0 Kelvin |
| Radiation | the transfer of energy through waves |
| Conduction | the transfer of energy through touching |
| convection | hot material rising and cold material dropping!!!! |
| conductor | allows heat transfer |
| insulator | slows heat transfer |
| convection current | a current caused by the rising of warm air and the falling of cool air, causing wind |
| light pollution | caused by lights pointing up, it loses energy, causing pollution |
| troposphere | the lowest layer of the atmosphere |
| lapse rate | rate at which the troposphere cools as you move up in elevation |
| stratosphere | the second lowest layer in the atmosphere, where the good ozone is |
| mesosphere | the third lowest layer in the atmosphere, also the coldest |
| thermosphere | the fourth lowest layer in the atmosphere, it is electrically charged with ions. Contains the space shuttle orbit. The least dense |
| ions | electrically charged particles |
| exosphere | fades out into outer space |
| aerosols | small particles in atmosphere |
| UV Radiation | ultraviolet radiation from sun |
| Ozone | layer of chemicals that protects human life in stratosphere and is dangerous in stratosphere |
| smog | urban air pollution |
| asbestos | silica fiber product used for insulation that has been found to cause cancer |
| Radon Gas | Radioactive material that comnes up from the ground and can penatrate basements, causing indoor pollution |
| Light Pollution | Unnecessary lights that are pointing upward and wasting energy |
| sound pollution | pollution that is not harmful to the environment, yet is only harmful to humans if it is above a certain decible level (120db.) |
| primary pollutants | pollutants that are created by humans that directly pollute air or earth |
| VOC's | volatile organic compounds, produced by paint fumes, vehicles and burning fuels |
| secondary pollutant | pollutant formed by the chemical reactions of other primary or secondary pollutants |
| temperature inversion | the atmospheric condition that causes smog to be trapped at ground level by a layer of warm air above it |
| Chloroflurocarbons | A compound causing ozone depletion. This reaction occurs in polar stratopheric clouds over Antartica. |
| Nitrogen Oxides | NOx When combution tempatures exceed 538°Celsius, nitrogen and oxogen combine to form nitrogen oxides |
| bad ozone | ozone found in the troposphere |
| good ozone | ozone found in the stratosphere |
| Polar Stratospheric clouds | When tempatures fall below -80°Celsius, high altitude clouds made of water vapor and nitric acid form. |
| ozone hole | a thinning of stratospheric ozone that over the poles during the spring. Hole in atmosphere causes harmful UV rays to come down to earth |
| CFC's | Go up into the atmosphere and break down Ozone (O3) into Oxygen and O1 |
| climate | the average weather in a region |
| IPCC | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |
| acid rain | rain with a low pH |
| acidification | the increase in the concentration of acid |
| EPA | environmental protection agency |
| latitude | distance from the equator- measured in degrees |
| climate | the average weather in a region |
| IPCC | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |
| weather | the temporary state of the atmosphere |
| bad ozone | ozone found in the troposphere |
| good ozone | ozone found in the stratosphere |
| CFC's | ozone depletion is caused by: |
| ozone hole | an area of the ozone layer (near the poles) that is seasonally depleted of ozone |
| smog | urban air pollution |
| asbestos | silica fiber product used for insulation that has been found to cause cancer |
| troposphere | the lowest layer of the atmosphere |
| lapse rate | rate at which the troposphere cools as you move up in elevation |
| exosphere | the outermost atmospheric layer |
| mesosphere | the atmospheric layer between the stratosphere and the thermosphere |
| thermosphere | the atmospheric layer between the mesosphere and the exosphere |
| stratosphere | the atmospheric layer between the troposphere and the mesosphere |
| ionosphere | part of the thermosphere, the outer region of the Earth's atmosphere |
| ions | charged particles that form when atoms gain or lose electrons |
| Northern Lights are caused by? | ions radiate energy as light which causes the Northern Lights |
| ozone | ozone has three oxygen atoms and is found in the stratosphere |
| hypothesis | predicts the relationship between independent and dependent variables |
| scientific method | process that scientists use to answer questions or solve problems |
| independent variable | what you record in a data table |
| dependent variable | what changes in an experiment |
| experimental group | group you are experimenting with |
| control group | group that you compare with the experimental group |
| 1st Law of Thermodynamics | energy cannot be created or destroyed |
| 3rd Law of Thermodynamics | brownian motion will stop in the absence of heat or 0 Kelvin |
| radiation | the transfer of heat through rays and waves |
| conduction | the transfer of heat through direct contact |
| convection | the transfer of heat through currents |
| conductor | allows flow of energy |
| insulator | slows flow of energy |
| absolute zero | the temperature where all molecular movement stops |
| environmental science | an applied science in which different fields of science work together to reseach an environmental issue/event. |
| developed countries | The consumption crisis is more severe in ___. |
| pollution | an undesired change in air, water, or soil that adversely affects the health, survival, or activities of humans or other organisms. |
| agriculture | the practice of growing, breeding, and caring for plants and animals that are used for food, clothing, housing, transportation, and other purposes. |
| natural resource | any natural material that is used by humans. |
| Primary Pollutant | When human activity out pollutants directly into the air |
| Secondary Pollutant | When primary pollutants come in contact with other substances and create a pollutant |
| VOCs, Sulfur Dioxide, Nitrogen Oxides, Carbon Monoxide, and particulate matter | Primary Pollutants |
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