| Term | Definition |
|---|
| City-States | Greek form of Government. Individual entities. |
| Totalitarian | Government controls all aspects of individual life |
| Helots | Greek Serfs |
| Metics, Citizens, and Slaves | The 3 classes of people in Athens |
| Educated Citizens | Necessary for a Democracy to work |
| Peloponnesian War | Greek City-State rivalry - Athens surrenders to Sparta |
| Philip of Macedonia | Invades and unites most of Greece. |
| Alexander the Great | Spreads Greek culture and ideas across Europe and Asia |
| Roman Senate | 300 men who controlled public funds and foreign policy |
| Pericles | Great Athenian leader. Time of prosperity and power. |
| Patricians | Aristocratic ruling class in Roman Republic |
| Consuls | Chief Executives (2) who ran the Roman Government |
| Olympics | Greek athletic competitions to celebrate the Gods and feed city-state rivalries |
| Praetors | They create most Roman laws through their court decisions |
| Carthage | Large city state in Northern Africa |
| Sparta | Greek city-state that functions as a military machine |
| Equites | Business people in Rome. Had wealth but no political power. |
| Pax Pomana | Roman Peace |
| Proconsul | Roman Governor of a province |
| Publicans | Roman Tax Collectors |
| First Triumvirate | "rule of three" Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus |
| Second Triumvirate | "rule of three" after Caesar's death Octavian, Marc Antony, and Lepidus |
| Republic | Those entitled to vote choose the people who run the government |
| Punic Wars | Fought between Rome and Carthage for control of the Mediterranean |
| Athens | Greek city-state that is center for culture and learning |
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