Chapter 8
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Created by:
deborahtovar on June 22, 2011
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Geological Time
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30 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Father of Geology | James Hutton, |
| Uniformitarianism | The Earth has evolved in a constant and uniform manner |
| Present | is the key to Past |
| Physical and chemical laws are? | constant |
| Principle of Superposition | oldest bed on bottom and youngest bed on top |
| Principle of Cross-Cutting Relationship | faults, fractures, and intrusions are younger than the rocks that they cut |
| Principle of Inclusions | inclusions (rock fragments) are always older than the host rock |
| Principle of Faunal Succession | each period of time has an unique and characteristic set of fossils |
| Precambrian: | Time of no life |
| Paleozoic Era | Age of ancient life |
| Mesozoic Era | Age of the Dinosaurs |
| Cenozoic Era | Age of the Mammals |
| Unconformity | Discontinuity in the succession of Rock Strata |
| All 3 are unconformity | Angular Unconformity, Disconformity, Nonconformity |
| Angular Unconformity | tilted beds overlain by nearly horizontal beds |
| Disconformity | beds above and below the unconformity are parallel and horizontal to one another |
| Nonconformity | igneous or metamorphic rocks overlain by horizontal sedimentary rock |
| hiatus | years missing/cap in time |
| Absolute time (quantitative) | based on radiometric decay of isotopes |
| Decay from Parent Product to | Daughter Product |
| An example of decay from parent product to daughter product | uranium to lead |
| Atomic number decreases due to decay of | the nucleus |
| Each Isotopic Reaction has a | half-life |
| half-life | time it takes for ½ of the isotope to decay |
| After one half life | 50% Parent, 50% Daughter |
| After two half lives | 25% Parent, 75% Daughter |
| The Earth age | 4.6 Billion Years Old |
| Life began | 600 million years ago |
| it took 4 billion years to set the | Stage for Life |
| Precambrian Time | 87% of Geological Time |
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