TAKS Science Objective 5
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35 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 acceleration | rate at which velocity changes |
| amplitude | distance from the resting position to a crest or from the resting position to the trough |
| constructive interference | caused when two waves line up with one another, resulting in one wave with a larger amplitude than either of the original waves |
| crest | high point in a wave |
| destructive interference | caused when the crest of one wave lines up with the trough of the other, resulting in the amplitude being smaller than that of the original waves |
| electromagnetic waves | waves that can travel through a vacuum (light, radio waves, etc.) |
| energy | ability to change or move matter |
| force | mass x acceleration |
| frequency | measure of how many wavelengths pass a particular point in one unit of time |
| hertz (Hz) | unit for measuring frequency, equal to one wave per second |
| interference | process by which two waves meet and occupy the same space at the same time, forming a new wave with different properties |
| kinetic energy | energy of motion |
| Law of Conservation of Energy | energy can never be created or destroyed |
| Law of Inertia | any object in motion will stay in motion and any object at rest will stay at rest until it is acted on by an unbalanced force |
| longitudinal wave | causes a medium to contract and expand along the direction the wave is travelling |
| mechanical energy | energy an object has as a result of its position or motion |
| medium | matter through which a wave travels |
| momentum | mass x velocity |
| net force | overall force on an object |
| nonrenewable resources | energy sources that exist in limited supply |
| polarized light | light waves that vibrate in only a single direction |
| potential energy | stored energy |
| primary waves (p waves) | longitudinal seismic waves |
| renewable resources | energy sources that can be replaced in a short amount of time |
| secondary waves (s waves) | transverse seismic waves |
| seismic waves | elastic shock waves that travel through the earth |
| speed | distance of travel in a unit of time |
| surface waves | waves that travel along the boundary between the ground and the air |
| transverse wave | causes medium to vibrate up and down |
| trough | low point in a wave |
| vacuum | a region with no matter in it |
| velocity | an object's speed in a particular direction |
| wave | disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another |
| wavelength | distance from one crest to the next or from one trough to the next |
| Δ | change in (for example, change in time) |
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