Microbio 3b
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docbarber4 Plus on June 23, 2011
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63 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Rickettsia and Orienta - Morphology, and General manifestations similar to all types, | MORPHOLOGY Atypical; small coccobacilli; oblicate intracelluar parasites General Manifestations: abrupt onset, fever for 2-3 weeks, rash, and flu-like symptoms |
| Match the agent with the disease with the vector: a. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever b. Epidemic typhus c. Murine typhus d. Scrub typhus a. R. typhi b. Orientia tsutsugamushi c. R. rickettsii d.R. prowazekii a. tick b.fleas c. louse d. mite | Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever - tick - R. rickettsii Epidemic typhus - louse - R. prowazekii Murine typhus - fleas - R typhi Scrub typhus - mite - Orientia tsutsugamushi" |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis - Morphology, General Disease Name, the 3 Disease progressions, General Disease Manifestations, and General Tx considerations/concerns. | MORPHOLOGY: Acid-Fast Bacilli (acids and lipids in cell wall) DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: General Manifestation: pulmonary lesions (tubercules); can disseminate to kidney, liver, testes, CNS; Tx: multi-drug resistant, combine abx and anti-TB drugs for Tx Primary TB ==> Secondary TB ==> Miliary TB: |
| Describe Primary TB: | mild/asymptomatic bacteria breathed into alveoli, multiply in lungs, and taken up by macrophages bacteria multiple in the macrophage, which carry them to lymph nodes come into contact w/ T-cells CMI slows down grown (takes ~30days) TB test becomes positive chest X-ray may present growing patches bacteria are contained in tubercle, resulting in "spontaneous" healing in 75-90% |
| Describe Secondary TB: | after time, CMI fails tubercles become necrotic, become caseous, forming the Ghon complex macrophages activate, disperse IL-1 and Cathectin (necrosis factor), which interferes with lipid metabolism, causing weight loss Ghon complex enlarges in 6% of cases, with caseous sputum and major organ involvement 3% of cases have rapid CMI failure, leading to miliary TB |
| Describe Miliary TB: | lesions resemble bird seed; occurs in < 5% of cases, primarily immunoincompetent pts; dissiminates to organs and is usually fatal |
| Listeria monocytogenes - MORPHOLOGY | GPB, aerobic, non-spore |
| Listeria monocytogenes - DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: | food poisening (deli meat and unpastuerized cheese), meningitis |
| Listeria monocytogenes - VIRULENCE: | intracellular pathogens in soil, forage, animal fecus LAB routine |
| Corynebacterium diphtheriae - MORPHOLOGY | GPB, aerobic, non-spore, pleomorphic |
| Corynebacterium diphtheriae - DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: | Diphtheria: pseudomembrane forms in throat; toxins affect myocardium/other tissues; necrotic tissue meshed in fibrous exudate, blocking respiratory track |
| Bacillus anthracis - MORPHOLOGY | GPB, spore-forming, aerobic, grows rapidly on blood-agar |
| Bacillus anthracis - DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: | Pulmonary Anthrax: Wool-sorter's disease; biological warefare/terrorism; highly infectious; 1-6 day incubation; initial flu-like symptoms and chest pn (widen mediastinum), need chest xray Cutaneous Anthrax: skin infections, leading to systemic infection; responds will to abx |
| Bacillus anthracis - PREVALENCE, MORTALITY | Pulmonary: less common, 60-100%, mortality rate; Cutaneous Anthrax: more common, 20% mortality |
| Bacillus anthracis - VIRULENCE: | Pulmonary: aerosol inhalation spores germinate into bacteria, phagocytic cells carry spores to lymph nodes, produce toxins Cutaneous: spores enter through cuts/abrasion; papules ==> blisters ==> necrotic lesions with black scab LAB grows rapidiily on blood agar (neg hemolysis), aerobic, spore forming |
| Bacteroides fragilis - MORPHOLOGY | GNB, pleomorphic, anaerobe |
| Bacteroides fragilis - DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: | Aspiration pneumonia (which leads into) empyema, lung abscess, deep wound abcesses; opportunistic |
| Clostridium spp. Match the disease with the strand with the virulence factor. a. C. perfringens: b. C. tetani c. C. difficile d. C. botulinium a. abx assoc. diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis b. food poisoning c. food poisening, tissue invasion, gas gangrene d. tetanus, lockjaw a. enterotoxins and invasive enzymes b. neurotoxins c. exotoxin overgrowth d. healt-lible toxin | C. perfringens: food poisening, tissue invasion, gas gangrene; enterotoxins and invasive enzymes C. difficile: abx assoc. diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis; exotoxin overgrowth C. botulinium: food poisoning; healt-lible toxin C. tetani: tetanus, lockjaw; neurotoxins |
| Clostridium spp. Morphology | GPB, spore forming, anaerobe |
| Treponema pallidum - MORPHOLOGY | Spirochete, non-staining |
| Treponema pallidum - DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: | Syphilis |
| Treponema pallidum - VIRULENCE: | Direct contact w/ chancre (infectious lesion |
| Treponema pallidum - Lab Uniquness | ID by Ag detection methods (RPR), or dark field microscopic exam of lesion fluid |
| Borrelia burgdorferi - MORPHOLOGY | Spirochete, non-staining |
| Borrelia burgdorferi - DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: | Lyme Disease: early stage asymptomatic, difficult to differentiate; 5 cm skin lesion and neuro/cardiac involvement, i.e. encephalitis/fasical palsy |
| Borrelia burgdorferi - VIRULENCE: | ticks, deer tick bites LAB IFA, ELA |
| Leptospira interrogans - MORPHOLOGY | Spirochete, non-staining |
| Leptospira interrogans - DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: | Leptospirosis: fever, headache, myalgia, chills, conjunctivitis, renal/liver failure |
| Leptospira interrogans - VIRULENCE: | contact with infected animal urine or contaminated water |
| Francisella tularensis - MORPHOLOGY | GNB, very small |
| Francisella tularensis - DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: | Tularmeia; biological threat agent |
| Francisella tularensis - VIRULENCE: | contact with tissues, blood, body fluids |
| Legionella pneumophila - MORPHOLOGY | GNB, pleomorphic, stain poorly |
| Legionella pneumophila - DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: | Legionnaires (pneumonia) |
| Legionella pneumophila - Lab uniqueness | tests for Ag in urine/fluids |
| Bordetella pertussis - MORPHOLOGY | GNCB |
| Bordetella pertussis - DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: | Pertussis (whooping cough); mild bronchitis (re-emerging) |
| Bordetella pertussis - VIRULENCE: | toxin and thick exudate |
| Haemophilus influenzae - MORPHOLOGY | GNB |
| Haemophilus influenzae - DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: | Fulminating meningitis: invades nasopharyx mucosa, gets into bloodstream; esp in children &amp;lt; 3 years and elderly Epiglottitis and laryngitis Otitis media Sinusitis Pneumonia: (infrequent) |
| Haemophilus influenzae - Vaccine Information; which disease susceptive? | Vaccine available Type B HI: Fulminating meningitis: Epiglottitis and laryngitis |
| Haemophilus influenzae - EPIDEMIOLOGY | obligate parasites may be part of upper resp tract and mouth normal flora infection between 2 months and 2 years |
| Haemophilus influenzae - VIRULENCE: | Polysaccharide capsule, fimbrae pili, IgA protease, ciliostatic factor |
| Haemophilus influenzae - Lab Uniqueness | chocolate agar; ID from CSF |
| Moraxella catarrhalis - MORPHOLOGY | GNC |
| Moraxella catarrhalis -DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: | Upper Resp tract infections otitis media, & sinusitis, mostly in children Bronchiits and Pneumonia in children and adults |
| Moraxella catarrhalis - EPIDEMIOLOGY | 3rd common cause of children otitis media/sinusitis |
| Moraxella catarrhalis - VIRULENCE: | endotoxins, complement resistance, beta-lactamase production |
| Neisseria meningitis - MORPHOLOGY | GNC; several Ag groups |
| Neisseria meningitis - DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: | major cause of Meningitis, secondary necrosis |
| Neisseria meningitis - EPIDEMIOLOGY | predominates school-aged/college children |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae - MORPHOLOGY | GNC |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae - DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: | Primary Disease Gonorrhea: Males - Urethritis Females - endocervix and/or PID may be asympotmatic, causing more damage symptoms 2-5 days may accompany Chlamydia Pharyngitis and Rectal Infection Secondary Disease: Septic Arthritis |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae - EPIDEMIOLOGY | Sexual transmission, asymptomatic carriage |
| Chlamydia trachomatis - MORPHOLOGY | very small atypical and unusual GNB |
| Chlamydia trachomatis - DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: | STD: Incubation 7-14 days; causes urethritis in males (possibly epididymitis and infertility) cervicitis, in women, often asympotomatic (possibly salpingitis, infertility, and/or PID) can occur with gonarrhea Trachoma: (TRIC) Trachemoa Inclusion Conjunctivitis disease, leading to blindness Lymphogranuloma Verereum: Involvement in lymph nodes |
| Chlamydia trachomatis - VIRULENCE: | STDs |
| Chlamydia trachomatis - Lab Uniqueness | requires living host; collection kit includes cell culture vial |
| Chlamydophila pneumoniae - MORPHOLOGY | small atypical GNB |
| Chlamydophila pneumoniae - DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: | Pneumonia, bronchitis, sinusitis, with aysmptomatic or with persistant cough; possible atheroclerosis |
| Mycoplasma pneumoniae - MORPHOLOGY | small atypical GNB, no cell walll, poorly staining |
| Mycoplasma pneumoniae - DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: | Primary Atypical Pneumonia: (AKA walking pneumonia): symptoms occur w/in 1-3 wks, inclu flu-like symptoms, minimal sputum; may progress to one lobe to bilateral; often lasts more than a month |
| Mycoplasma pneumoniae - EPIDEMIOLOGY | more common in children and military |
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