A&P lab practical 2 - muscles
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Created by:
amajoh on June 23, 2011
Subjects:
anatomy and physiology, muscles
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45 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 frontalis | raises the eybrows and wrinkles skin of the forehead |
| occipitalis | pulls the skin posteriorly |
| sternocleidomastoid | together - extend the head by flexing cervical portion of vertebral column alone - turn the head in the opposite direction of contraction |
| temporalis | acts with masseter to raise and pull back the mandible |
| masseter | raises and pulls back the lower mandible, closes the mouth, and clenches teeth. may move mandible side to side |
| orbicularis oris | closes and protrudes the lips, and pulls the lips back against the teeth |
| levator scapulae | elevates and draws the scapula medially. extends or flexes the head |
| splenius capitis | extends the head when contracting together, and rotates the head when contracting singly |
| rhomboideus minor | elevates and helps the scapula rotate when adducting the arm |
| pectoralis minor | depresses and abducts the scapula, rotates it down and stabilizes it |
| pectoralis major | adducts, flexes, and medially rotates the humerus inward |
| serratus anterior | abducts the scapula and rotates it upward. It also lifts the ribs when the scapula is fixed. |
| rhomboideus major | elevates and rotates the scapula downward while adducting the arm |
| infraspinatus | laterally rotates and abducts the arm at the shoulder |
| teres minor | laterally rotates, extends, and adducts the humerus at the shoulder, and stabilizes the elbow joint |
| teres major | assists the extension of the humerus, medially rotates the humerus, helps rotate the scapula downward |
| latissimus dorsi | extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm at the shoulder. also draws the arm inferiorly and posteriorly |
| lumbodorsal fascia | connective tissue that acts as the origin for muscles of the lower back |
| deltoid | abducts the arm at the shoulder, flexes and medially rotates the arm at the shoulder, and extends and laterally rotates the arm at the shoulder |
| biceps brachii | flexes the arm and forearm at the shoulder and elbow respectively, and rotates the radius to supinate the hand |
| brachialis | flexes the forearm at the elbow |
| triceps brachii | antagonistic to the brachialis, extends the forearm and arm at the elbow and shoulder respectively |
| extensor carpi radialis | extends and abducts the hand at the wrist functioning in radial hand movement at the wrist |
| pronator teres | pronates the forearm and aids in flexing the forearm at the elbow |
| brachioradialis | flexes the forearm at the elbow and supinates and pronates the forearm at the joint between the radius and ulna so the forearm is in a neutral position |
| flexor carpi radialus | flexes and abducts the hand at the wrist |
| supraspinatus | aids the deltoid when abducting the arm at the humerus |
| extensor digitorum | extends the four medial digits, spreads the digits as it extends them, extends the wrist if the fingers are flexed |
| tensor fasciae latae | flexes and rotates the thigh away from the midline of the body |
| pectineus | flexes and draws the thigh toward the midline at the hip and medially rotates the thigh |
| adductor longus | laterally rotates the thigh toward the midline and flexes the thigh at the hip |
| sartorius | flexes the calf at the knee and flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates the thigh if flexed at the hip |
| extensor digitorum longus | extends the four lateral toes and everts the foot at the ankle |
| vastus lateralis and medialis | extends the leg at the knee |
| rectus femoris | extends the leg at the knee. also flexes the thigh at the hip |
| gluteus maximus | laterally rotates and extends the thigh at the hip |
| semitendiosus | flexes the leg at the knee, extends the thigh at the hip, and medially rotates the thigh |
| biceps femoris | flexes the leg at the knee, extends the thigh at the hip, and rotates the thigh laterally if flexed |
| calcaneal tendon | serves as the insertion point for the superficial muscles of the calf |
| gastrocnemius | plantar flexes the foot at the ankle and flexes the leg at the knee |
| soleus | plantar flexes the foot at the ankle, it is located beneath the gastrocnemius |
| tibialis anterior | dorsally flexes the foot at the ankle and inverts and adducts the foot |
| peroneus longus | everts and abducts the foot. it also weakly provides plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle and everts the foot at the intertarsal joints |
| semimembranosus | flexes the leg at the knee, extends the thigh at the hip, and medially rotates the tibia |
| patellar ligament | connects the tibial tuberosity to the quadriceps tendon |
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