Flashcards: aikido terms
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Created by:
Aikido41 on June 26, 2011
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Common terms for aikido training
From: http://www.stenudd.com/aikido/aikido-glossary.htm
All 497 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 ai | harmony, unity, blending |
| aihanmi | basic relation between partners: both have same foot forward (left or right), compare gyakuhanmi |
| aihanmi katatedori | wrist grip, right on right or left on left, also called kosadori, compare gyakuhanmi katatedori |
| aiki | blending/uniting one's ki with that of the partner |
| aikibatto | sword exercises, solo or pair |
| aikibudo | budo based on the aiki principle, earlier name for aikido |
| aikido | the way through the life energy to harmony/unity |
| aikidoka | one who does aikido, specifically on an advanced or professional level |
| aikido toho | Nishio sensei's iaido school |
| Aikijinja | the aikido temple in Iwama |
| aikijo | aikido jo-staff exercises |
| aikijutsu | name on the Daito ryu Martial art, also called aikijujutsu |
| Aikikai | organization and "label" for Ueshiba's aikido |
| aikiken | aikido sword exercises |
| aikinage | aiki-throw, throwing technique |
| aiki no michi | aikido (michi=do) |
| aikiotoshi | aiki-drop, throwing technique |
| aikitaiso | aikido warm-up exercises |
| aite | partner in training |
| arigato | thanks |
| arigato gozaimasu | thanks for something going on |
| arigato gozaimashita | thanks for something completed |
| ashi | leg, foot |
| ate | hit, strike |
| atemi | strike to the body |
| awase | harmonizing/blending movement |
| ayumiashi | altering steps, left and right, like normal walking |
| barai/harai | parry, ward off |
| batto | draw the sword, also called nuki |
| bo | staff, longer than the jo |
| bokken | wooden training sword |
| bokuto | same as bokken |
| bu | war, battle, fight |
| budo | the way of war/battle, the Japanese Martial arts |
| budoka | one who does any budo, specifically on an advanced or professional level |
| bugei | battle art, old term |
| bukiwaza | weapons training |
| bushi | warrior |
| bushido | the way of the warrior |
| chado | tea ceremony |
| chikara | force/strength |
| choku | direct |
| chokutsuki | direct strike with the jo |
| chudan | middle, compare jodan and gedan |
| chudan kamae | guard position with a weapon at belly height |
| chudan tsuki | strike at belly/solar plexus, with weapon or empty hand |
| chukyusha | continuing student, with a mid-level kyu grade (jämför jokyusha) |
| dai | big, also o |
| daisho | sword pair, the long and the short sword |
| Daito ryu | aikijutsu school |
| dame | wrong, bad |
| dan | level, black belt grade in budo |
| dao/tao | transcribation of the Chinese word for way, do |
| deshi | student |
| do | way, also michi |
| dogi | training dress, also keikogi |
| do-in | self massage tradition |
| dojo | training hall |
| dojo cho | head of a training hall |
| doka | poem about the way |
| domo | much |
| domo arigato gozaimas | thank you so much, for something going on |
| domo arigato gozaimashita | thank you so much, for something completed |
| dori | take, catch, grab |
| dosa | movement |
| doshu | way leader, head of a budo |
| dozo | please/by all means |
| embukai | public demonstration |
| empi | strike with elbow |
| eri neck, | collar |
| eridori | collar grip by the neck |
| fukushidoin | assisting instructor, title for aikido teacher, 2-3 dan, compare shidoin and shihan |
| funakogi | undo, rowing exercise, also called torifune |
| furitama | exercise to still ki |
| futaridori/futarigake | two attackers |
| gaeshi/kaeshi | returning, reversed |
| gamae/kamae | guard, basic position |
| gasshuku | training camp, lodging together |
| gedan | low, compare jodan and chudan |
| gedanbarai | low block |
| geiko/keiko | training |
| geri | kick |
| gi | dress |
| giri/kiri | cut |
| go | five |
| gokyo | fifth teaching, pinning technique |
| gomen | nasai excuse me |
| Gorin no sho | Book of Five Rings, by Miyamoto Musashi |
| gotai | hard body, static training, compare jutai, ryutai and kinagare |
| gyaku | reverse, opposite |
| gyakuhanmi | basic relation between partners: they have opposite foot forward, compare aihanmi |
| gyakuhanmi katatedori | wrist grip, right on left or left on right, compare aihanmi katatedori |
| gyakutsuki | strike with opposing arm and leg forward, compare oitsuki |
| hachi | eight |
| Hagakure | Hiding the Leaves, classic samurai book from the 18th century |
| hai | yes |
| hajime | begin |
| hakama | traditional wide pants, used in aikido |
| handachi | half standing |
| hanmi | half body |
| hanmi gamae | angled guard position |
| hanmi handachiwaza | sitting versus standing |
| hanshi | title in kendo, from 8th dan |
| hantai | opposed |
| happo | eight directions, compare shiho |
| hara | stomach |
| harai/barai | sweep away, parry |
| harakiri | cut belly, ritual suicide, also called seppuku |
| hassogaeshi | jo-staff technique |
| hasso gamae | guard with weapon at shoulder level |
| henkawaza, | changing techniques, variations on basic techniques, also shifting from one technique to another |
| hidari | left (right: migi) |
| hiji | elbow |
| hijidori | grip on elbow |
| hijikimeosae | pinning technique, sometimes called rokkyo |
| hiki | pull |
| hineri | twist |
| hiragana | Japanese phonetic writing, compare katakana |
| hito e mi | making the body small, guard position with more of an angle than hanmi |
| hiza | knee |
| ho | method |
| ho | direction, side |
| hombu | head quarters |
| Hombu dojo | head dojo, used for Aikido's head dojo in Tokyo |
| iaido | the art of drawing the Japanese sword |
| iaito | training sword, usually not sharpened |
| ichi | one |
| ichiban | first, best |
| iie | no |
| iki | will power |
| ikkajo | older term for ikkyo |
| ikki | one ki, bottoms up, toast |
| ikkyo | first teaching, pinning technique |
| ikkyo | undo exercise of the basic ikkyo movement |
| in | Japanese for the Chinese concept yin, compare yo |
| ippon | one point |
| ipponken | strike with one knuckle |
| irimi | in to the body, inwards |
| iriminage | inward throw, throwing technique |
| Iwama | Japanese town, where Osensei had a dojo and a home |
| Iwama ryu | Saito sensei's aikido style |
| jiyuwaza | free training |
| jo | wooden staff, 127.5 centimeters |
| jo awase | jo-staff exercises |
| jodan | high, compare chudan and gedan |
| jodan kamae | guard with weapon over head |
| jodan tsuki | strike at head |
| jodanuke | high block |
| jodo | the way of the staff |
| jodori | defense against jo-staff |
| jokyusha | advanced student, with a higher kyu grade, compare chukyusha |
| ju | ten |
| ju | soft |
| judo | the soft way, or the way to softness |
| jujigarami/jujinage | cross throw |
| jujutsu | the soft art |
| jumbitaiso | warm-up exercises, also called aikitaiso |
| juntsuki | strike with the same arm and leg forward, also called oitsuki, compare gyakutsuki |
| jutai | soft body, smooth training, compare gotai, ryutai and kinagare |
| jutsu | technique/art |
| kaeshi/gaeshi | returning, reverse |
| kaeshitsuki | reverse strike with jo-staff |
| kaeshiwaza | counter techniques |
| kagami biraki | Japanese New Year celebration, held January 11 |
| kai | club, association |
| kaiso | founder |
| kaitennage | rotation throw, throwing technique |
| kaitenosae | rotation pinning technique |
| kakaedori | embrace |
| kakarigeiko | attackers in line, one after the other |
| kakudo | angle |
| kamae/gamae | guard position |
| kami | divinity |
| kamiza | honorary place in a dojo, compare shomen and shinzen |
| kampai | cheers, toast |
| kan | intuition |
| kangeiko | mid-winter training |
| kanji | ideograms, the Chinese writing |
| kanren | linked, connected |
| kanrenwaza | linked techniques, one technique followed by another, compare renzokuwaza |
| kansetsu | joint (on body) |
| karatedo | the way of the empty hand, or the way through the hand to emptiness |
| Kashima shintoryu | traditional sword school |
| kata | form, pre-decided movements |
| kata | shoulder |
| katadori | shoulder grip |
| katadori menuchi | shoulder grip followed by shomenuchi |
| katakana | Japanese phonetic writing, compare hiragana |
| katamewaza | pinning techniques |
| katana | the Japanese sword, also ken, to and tachi |
| katate | one-hand technique |
| katatedori | wrist-grip |
| katate ryotedori | grip with both hands, also called morotedori |
| Katori shintoryu | traditional sword school |
| keiko/geiko | training |
| keikogi | training dress, also dogi |
| ken sword, | also katana, to and tachi |
| kendo | Japanese fencing |
| ki | spirit, life energy |
| kiai | gathered ki, usually used for shout in budo |
| ki-aikido | Tohei sensei's aikido style |
| kihon | basics |
| kihonwaza | basic training |
| kikai tanden | the ocean of ki in the body's center |
| kime | focusing |
| kimusubi | tying one's ki to that of the partner |
| kinagare/ki no nagare | streaming ki, flowing training, compare gotai, jutai and ryutai |
| Ki no kenkyukai | Tohei sensei's aikido school, also Shinshin toitsu |
| kiri/giri | cut |
| kirikaeshi | turning cut, sword exercise |
| koan | riddle in zen |
| kobudo | older budo |
| kogeki | attack |
| kogekiho | attack techniques |
| kohai | one's junior, compare sempai |
| Kojiki | religious Japanese book from the 8th century |
| kokoro | heart, will, mind, also pronounced shin |
| kokyu | breathing |
| kokyuho | breathing exercise, throwing technique |
| kokyunage | breath throw |
| kokyu ryoku | breath power |
| kosa | cross over, pass |
| kosadori | cross-over grip, same as aihanmi katatedori |
| koshi | hip |
| koshinage | hip throw |
| kote | wrist |
| kotegaeshi | reversed wrist, throwing technique |
| kotehineri | twisted wrist, sankyo |
| kotemawashi | turned wrist, nikyo |
| kotodama/kototama | ]spirit of words, Japanese sound mystique and cosmology |
| ku | nine |
| ku | emptiness |
| kubi | neck |
| kubishime | neck choke |
| kuden | oral tradition/teaching |
| kumi | group, set |
| kumijo | jo-staff exercises, jo against jo |
| kumitachi | sword exercises, sword against sword |
| kumite | empty handed fight |
| kumiuchi | ancient Japanese wrestling in full armor |
| kuzushi | break balance |
| kyo | principle, learning |
| kyoshi | title in kendo, 6-7 dan |
| kyu | grade before blackbelt, compare dan |
| kyudo | the way of the bow and arrow[ |
| ma | distance between training partners |
| ma-ai | harmonious, balanced distance between training partners |
| mae | front, forward, compare ushiro |
| maegeri | straight kick |
| mae ukemi | forward fall |
| makiwara | target for hitting practice in karatedo |
| maru | circle |
| mawashi | revolving, turning |
| mawashigeri | roundhouse kick |
| mawate | turning |
| me | eye |
| men | head |
| michi | way, also do |
| migi | right (left: hidari) |
| misogi | purification, cleansing |
| mochi | hold/grip, also called dori |
| mochikata | gripping attacks |
| mo ikkai | do again |
| mokuso | meditation, also called zazen |
| moro | both |
| morotedori | grip with both hands, also called katate ryotedori |
| mu | nothing, empty |
| mushin | empty mind |
| mudansha | trainee without dan grade, compare yudansha |
| mune | chest |
| munedori | collar grip by the chest |
| musubi | tie together |
| nagare | flow, streaming |
| nage | throw, also used for the one doing the aikido technique, compare tori |
| nagewaza | throwing techniques |
| naginata | Japanese halberd |
| nakaima | here and now |
| nana | seven, also pronounced shichi |
| nen | the purity and unity of the mind |
| ni | two |
| Nihon/Nippon | Japan |
| Nihongi | religious Japanese book from the 8th century |
| nikajo | older name for nikyo |
| nikyo | second teaching, pinning technique |
| nin | person |
| ninindori | two attackers, also called futaridori |
| ninja | courier and spy in old Japan |
| Nippon/Nihon | Japan |
| Nito ichiryu/Niten ichiryu | School of Two Swords/Two Heavens, Musashi's sword school |
| noto | return the sword to the scabbard |
| nuki | draw the sword, also called batto |
| nukite | strike with fingertips |
| o | big, also dai |
| obi | belt |
| ocha | tea |
| oitsuki | strike with same arm and foot forward, also called jontsuki |
| omote | front, surface, compare ura |
| Omotokyo | shintoistic society |
| onegai shimasu | please, asking for something |
| osae | press down, pinning |
| osensei | great teacher, in aikido Morihei Ueshiba |
| otagai ni rei | bow to each others |
| otoshi | drop |
| oyowaza | applied techniques, modified for efficiency |
| randori | disorderly grabbing, free training |
| rei | bow |
| reigi | etiquette, also called reishiki |
| renshi | title in kendo, 4-6 dan |
| renshu | training |
| renzoku | continuous |
| renzoku uchikomi | jo-staff exercise |
| renzokuwaza | consecutive techniques, a series of techniques |
| ritsurei | standing bow |
| rokkyo | sixth teaching, pinning technique, see hijikime osae |
| roku | six |
| ryo | both |
| ryotedori | gripping both wrists |
| ryu | school |
| ryutai | flowing body, fluid training, compare gotai, jutai and kinagare |
| sabaki | action/handling |
| sake | rice wine |
| samurai | to serve, Japanese warrior class |
| san | three |
| sankajo | older term for sankyo |
| sankaku | triangle |
| sankakutai | triangle shape, position of the feet in hanmi |
| sankyo | third teaching, pinning technique |
| sannindori/sanningake | three attackers |
| sanpo | three directions |
| satori | enlightenment in zen |
| saya | scabbard |
| seika | no itten, the one point below the navel, the body center, also called tanden |
| seiki | life energy |
| seiza | correct sitting, sit on knees |
| sempai | one's senior, compare kohai |
| sen no sen | before the attack, countering before the strike |
| sensei | teacher |
| sensen no sen | before before the attack, a leading initiative |
| seppuku | cut belly, ritual suicide with sword, also called harakiri |
| shi | four, also pronounced yon |
| shiai | competition |
| shiatsu | massage |
| shichi | seven, also pronounced nana |
| shidoin | instructor, middle title for aikido teacher, 4-5 dan, compare fukushidoin and shihan |
| shihan | expert example, high title for aikido teacher, from 6 dan, compare fukushidoin and shidoin |
| shiho | four directions |
| shihonage | four directions throw, throwing technique |
| shikaku | square |
| shikaku | dead angle |
| shiki | courage |
| shikko | knee walking |
| shime | choke |
| shin | heart, will, mind, also pronounced kokoro |
| shinai | kendo sword of bamboo |
| Shindo | Musoryu jodo-school |
| shinken | sharp authentic Japanese sword |
| Shinshin toitsu | Tohei sensei's aikido school, Ki no kenkyukai |
| shinto | the way of the gods, Japanese religion |
| shinzen | seat of the gods, in a dojo usually a position on the wall farthest from the entrance, compare kamiza and shomen |
| shisei | posture |
| shite | the one leading, defender in aikido, also called tori or nage |
| shizentai | natural body posture |
| sho | first, beginning |
| shodan | first dan grade |
| shodo | calligraphy |
| Shodokan | Tomiki sensei's aikido school |
| shomen | front of the head |
| shomen | head place of the dojo, compare shinzen and kamiza |
| shomen ni rei | bow to head place of the dojo |
| shomenuchi | cut or blow to head |
| shoshinsha | beginner |
| shuto | hand ridge strike |
| sode | sleeve |
| sodedori | sleeve grip |
| sodeguchidori | grip on the cuff of the sleeve |
| soto | outside, outer, compare uchi |
| sotodeshi | student who lives outside the dojo, compare uchideshi |
| sotokaiten | outer rotation, compare uchikaiten |
| sotouke | block from outside, compare uchiuke |
| suburi | basic exercises with sword or staff |
| suki | opening |
| sumi | corner |
| sumikiri | sharpness of body and mind |
| sumimasen | excuse me |
| sumo | traditional Japanese wrestling |
| suri | rub, scrape |
| sutemiwaza | techniques with losing one's own balance |
| suwariwaza | seated training, also called suwate |
| suwate | seated training, also called suwariwaza |
| tachi | sword, also to, ken and katana |
| tachi | stand |
| tachidori | defense against sword |
| tachiwaza | training standing up |
| tai | body |
| taijutsu | body techniques, unarmed techniques |
| tai no henko | body turn, also called tai no tenkan |
| tai no tenkan | body turn, also called tai no henko |
| taisabaki | body move, evasive movement in aikido |
| taiso | exercises |
| takemusu | improvised Martial art |
| takemusu aiki | improvised Martial art through the principle of aiki |
| tameshi | test |
| tameshigiri | cutting test with sword |
| tameshiware | hitting test in karatedo |
| tanbo | short staff |
| tanden | body center, compare seika no itten |
| taninzugake | several attackers |
| tanren | drill techniques |
| tanto/tanken | knife |
| tantodori | defense against knife |
| tao/dao | Chinese for do |
| tatami | mat |
| tate | stand up |
| te | hand |
| tegatana | hand sword, hand ridge in swordlike movements |
| tekubi | wrist |
| tekubiosae | pinned wrist, yonkyo |
| tenchinage | heaven-earth throw, throwing technique |
| tenkan | turn |
| tettsui | hammer strike |
| to | sword, also ken, tachi and katana |
| tobigeri | jump kick |
| tobikoshi | fall over hip, break fall |
| tomauchi | jo-staff technique |
| tori | the one who takes, defender in aikido, also called nage and shite |
| torifune | rowing exercise, also called funakogi undo |
| tsuba | sword guard |
| tsugiashi | following step, back foot following and not passing front foot |
| tsuka | sword hilt |
| tsuki s | trike, with a weapon or empty hand |
| uchi | hit |
| uchi | inside, within, inner, compare soto |
| uchideshi | student living in the dojo, compare sotodeshi |
| uchikaiten | inner rotation, compare sotokaiten |
| uchikata | striking and hitting attack forms |
| uchikomi | hitting repeatedly |
| uchiuke | block from inside, compare sotouke |
| ude | arm |
| udekimenage | arm lock throw |
| udenobashi | extended arm, gokyo |
| udeosae | pinned arm, ikkyo |
| uke | the one receiving, attacker in aikido |
| uke | block, parry |
| ukemi | falling |
| undo | exercise |
| ura | backside, inside, reverse side, compare omote |
| uraken | backhand strike |
| ushiro | behind, backwards, compare mae |
| ushirogeri | backward kick |
| ushiro kiriotoshi | rear cutting drop, throwing technique |
| ushiro ukemi | backward fall |
| ushirowaza | attacks from behind |
| waka sensei | young teacher, used in aikido for successor of Doshu |
| waki | side |
| wakizashi | short sword |
| ware | break, split |
| waza | technique, skill, training method |
| yame | stop |
| yang | sunny side, heavenly, in Japanese yo, compare yin |
| yari | spear |
| yawara | old jujutsu |
| yin | shady side, earthly, in Japanese in, compare yang |
| yo | Japanese for yang |
| yoko | side, sideways, horizontal |
| yokogeri | side kick |
| yokogiri | horisontal cut |
| yokomen | side of the head |
| yokomenuchi | strike to the side of the head |
| yoko ukemi | side fall |
| yon | four, also pronounced shi |
| yonkajo | older term for yonkyo |
| yonkyo | fourth teaching, pinning technique |
| Yoseikan | Mochizuki sensei's aikido school |
| Yoshinkan | Shioda sensei's aikido school |
| yudansha dan | graded, compare mudansha |
| za | seated, sit |
| Zaidan Hojin Aikikai | Aikikai Foundation |
| zanshin | remaining spirit, continued concentration |
| zarei | sitting bow |
| zazen | sitting meditation, also called mokuso |
| zen | a form of buddhism |
| zengo | around, forward and back, front and rear |
| zori | sandals |
| 1 | ichi |
| 2 | ni |
| 3 | san |
| 4 | shi / yon |
| 5 | go |
| 6 | roku |
| 7 | shichi / nana |
| 8 | hachi |
| 9 | ku |
| 10 | ju |
| 20 | ni-ju |
| 21 | ni-ju-ichi |
| 100 | hyaku |
| 1000 | sen |