Ch 16 CO2 Acid-Base Balance
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8 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 base | a proton (H+) acceptor |
| acid | a proton (H+) donor; CO2 produces free H+! |
| buffer | prevents pH changes; H+ buffer system: ICF; cell proteins (P-) and a phosphate system Bicarbonate buffer of H+: ICF/ECF (plasma) O2 buffer: hemoglobin (Hb) in ECF |
| pH scale | a measure of free H+; *** 80 nM [H+] = 7.1 40 nM [H+] = 7.4 *** small changes in pH > large changes in nM concentration |
| CO2 | the primary source of H+; is a volatile acid high CO2 > acidosis! |
| 40-45 | normal mmHg range of CO2 |
| 20:1 | the normal ratio between bicarbonate : carbonic acid |
| fixed acid | an acid other than CO2; not excreted by the lungs; a "metabolic" acid examples: HCl (produced by parietal cells of stomach) ketoacids (byproduct of lipid metabolism/done after carbs used up...fatkins) lactic acids (result of anaerobic respiration) Renal/kidney system eliminates H+/ HCO3 conserved/synthesized by renal tubular cells |
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