Cranial Nerves
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Created by:
willpassboards on July 5, 2011
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33 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Cn I | Olfactory |
| Cn I function | Smell |
| CN I test | identify odors with eyes closed |
| CN II | Optic |
| CN II function | vision |
| CN II test | test peripheral vision with one eye closed |
| CN V | trigeminal |
| CN V function | Sensory to face, forehead adn anterior scalp. Motor to muscles of mastication |
| CN V test | Face brush test |
| CN VII | facial |
| CN VII fx | M to facial muscles and taste in anterior 2/3 of tongue, secretes tears and saliva |
| CN VII test | Smile and wrinkle forehead test. -if pt can wrinkle forehead but cannot elevate one corner of mouth-UMN lesion (stroke) -if pt cannot wrinkle their forehead or elevate one corner of their mouth-LMN lesion (because now muscle not working) |
| CN VIII | vestibulocochlear |
| CN VIII fx | hearing and balance. (Purely sensory from vestibular apparatus and organ of corti). |
| CN VIII test | Romberg, Weber (test for sensorineural-hearing localizes to good ear; test for conductive-hearing better in affected ear), Rinne's (normal ear should have twice the time of hearing in air conduction versus mandibular conduction. if conductive loss bone conduction is longer than or equally as long as air conduction; sensorineual loss-air conduction is longer than bone conduction but less than 2:1 ratio) |
| CN IX | glossopharyngeal |
| CN IX fx | -swallow, voice, gag reflex (motor to anterior neck, stylopharyngeus) -Sensory to posterior 1/3 of tongue (taste), -parotid gland parasympathetic innervation, -sensory to eardrum -senses carotid blood pressure. |
| CN X | vagus |
| CN X fx | swallow (motor to palate, pharynx, larynx), voice, gag reflex, controls heart rate, aortic blood pressure |
| CN XI | accessory |
| CN XI fx | Purely motor; innervates scm and upper 1/3rd trapezius |
| CN XI test | rotate/SB neck, shrug shoulders |
| CN XII | hypoglossal |
| CN XII fx | tongue movement |
| CN III, IV, VI | Oculomotor, trochlear, abducens |
| CN III, IV, VI tests | Lateral vertical gaze and accomodation. If nystagmus or jerky movements, or eyes don't move together in accomodation, have problem. |
| CN IX, X, XII test | Gag reflex relies on sensory by way of CN IX and motor by way of CN X. Pt instructed to open mouth and stick out tongue (CN XII). In CN XII lesion tongue deviates to side of lesion. CN X lesion uvula deviates away from side of lesion. |
| CN IV | controls downward and outward mvmt of eye |
| CN VI | moves eye laterally |
| CN III | moves alongside the pituitary gland |
| CN III | controls pupillary constriction, opening of the eye, and most of the extra ocular movements |
| saphenous nerve | a sensory nerve that transmits information from the CNS to the skin on the inside of the leg. It is the biggest and longest branch of a larger nerve called the femoral nerve, which begins at the lumbar nerves and transmits information to the skin and muscle at the front of the thigh. |
| peroneal nerve | a branch of the sciatic nerve. This nerve is significant because it supplies sensation and movement to the lower leg, toes, and feet. The nerve wraps itself around the "funny bone" near the knee and gives the foot and toes the ability to lift, stretch, and move. Without this nerve, critical parts of the body would be ineffective. Individuals who have issues with the peroneal nerve often suffer from something called nerve dysfunction, also referred to as peripheral neuropathy. |
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