radiation physics chapter 2
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60 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 fundamental and derived units | 2 basic types of measurement are |
| fundamental units | units that measure a quantity by themselves without using any other units to express their measurement are known as what |
| basic quantities | another name for fundamental units is what |
| fundamental units | length, mass, time, and temperature are examples of what type of units |
| meter | the standard unit of measurement for length is the |
| kilogram | the standard unit of measurement for mass is the |
| second | the standard unit of measurement for time is the |
| kelvin | the standard unit of measurmement for temperature is the |
| meter | si unit based on the speed of light |
| kilogram | si unit based on the mass of 1000cm^3 of water @ 4* C |
| second | si unit based on the vibration of atoms of cesium |
| derived units | measurements that combine fundamental units are called |
| derived units | example of this type of unit is velocity, acceleration, force |
| mechanics | the branch of physics that deals with objects at rest and objects in motion is known as |
| statics | branch of mechanics that deals with objects as rest is called |
| dynamics | branch of mechanics that deals with objects in motion is called |
| velocity | the speed at which an object is moving is known as |
| c = 3x10^8 m/s | the velocity of light is |
| acceleration | rate of change of velocity over time is known as |
| inertia | newton's first law is the law of |
| inertia | a body will remain at rest or continue to mvoe with constant velocity in a straight line unless acted on by an external force is Newton's first law of |
| force | newton's 2nd law, the law of |
| force | the force acting on an object with acceleration is equal to the mass multiplied by the acceleration; F = m * a is which law? |
| action/reaction | newton's 3rd law |
| action/reaction | for every action there is an equal but opposite reaction is newton's law of |
| inertia | the tendency of a moving body to remain in motion and a resting body to remain at rest is known as |
| friction, gravity, mechanical force | 3 forces that will change inertia are |
| force | push or pull on an object is |
| newton | si unit of force |
| weight | the force on a body caused by the downward pull of gravity on it is |
| newton | si unit of weight is the |
| momentum | all objects in motion have this |
| work | application of force to an object is konwn as |
| joule | si unit of work |
| power | the rate at which work is done is known as |
| watt | unit of power |
| energy | ability to do work |
| potential and kinetic | two forms of mechanical energy |
| heat | the kinetic energy of the random motion of molecules |
| calorie | unit of heat |
| conduction | heat transferred by contact |
| convection | heat transfer by a moving fluid or gas |
| radiation | heat transfer by infrared emission |
| heat | this production is the one primary concern of xray tubes |
| radiation | an xray tube cools primarily by |
| rontgen | special unit of exposure dose |
| rad | special unit of absorbed dose |
| rem | special unit of effective dose |
| curie | special unit of radioactivity |
| gray | si unit of exposure dose and absorbed dose |
| seivert | si unit of effective dose |
| Bq | si unit of radioactivity |
| exposure | xrays and gamma rays and their interationcs with air is ___ dose |
| radiation absorbed dose | rad = |
| absorbed | applies to any type of ionizing radiation and any exposed matter is ___ dose |
| effective | unit of occupational radiation exposure is ___ dose |
| radioactivity | the unit of quantity of radioactive material is the measurement of |
| true | 1 R = 1 rad = 1 rem t/f |
| x.01 | to change from a R, rad, or Rem to a Gray or Sievert u must do what? |
| /0.01 | to change from a SI unit to a conventional unit in radiology, u must do what? |
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