Social Studies Ch 5(3-5)
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emilyfraher on December 13, 2008
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study flashcards for chapter 5, sections 3-5 quest for 7-1
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40 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Ephors | 5 Spartans who made sure the kings followed the law |
| Assembly | All Spartan citizens over the age of 30 who voted on laws |
| Equals | Citizens (descendants from invaders) who controlled Sparta |
| Archons | Early rulers of Athens (9 at a time) who served 1 year terms |
| Half-citizens | Spartan farmers and traders; paid taxes but had no political rights |
| Helots | Spartan slaves that did not like the Spartans |
| Metics | Merchants who lived in Athens but were not born there |
| Citizens | Athenian born men who could participate in government |
| Delian League | An alliance of 140 Greek city states (Athens was in charge) |
| Council of Elders | The 28 Spartans over the age of 60 that helped make laws |
| Solon | The archon of Athens that freed the poor from slavery |
| Ethics | The teaching of good and bad and moral duty |
| Cleisthenes | Athenian leader that created Council of 500 (Democracy) |
| Draco | Created Athens first written law code which was very harsh |
| Rhetoric | The study of public speaking and debate |
| Pericles | Athens's greatest leader, also a general and orator |
| Peisistratus | tyrant that improved Athens's economy but upset the nobles |
| representative | a type of democracy in which elected people make decisionss |
| Sappho | famous ancient Greek female poet |
| direct | a type of democracy in which all citizens participate |
| Athenians' homes | simple one-story houses of sun-dried brick with no plumbing |
| Sparta's main goal for its male citizens | to be a part of and have a very strong military; boys left home at 7years of age to begin military education. |
| What did Spartan men give up? why? | Spartan men gave their individual freedom to create a strong army. |
| The US government borrowed many ideas from _______; they were first to use democracy. | Greece |
| Compare strengths of Athens/Sparta during Peloponnesian War. | Sparta had a stronger army; Athens, a better navy. |
| Who won the Peloponnesian War? | Finally Sparta (with help of Persians) defeated starving Athens; after this Greece was politically unstable, wars between city-states continuing. |
| How were marriages arranged in Athens? | Parents arranged marriages, girls marrying at age 13/14, |
| Describe the rights of women in Athens. | Athenian women could not go out in public without permission & couldn't own property. |
| Describe the education of Athenian boys. | Boys went to elementary schools to study reading, writing grammar, music, poetry, gymnastics;at age 18 boys had a year of military training. |
| Describe leaders of Spartan government. | one king led the army and another took care of matters at home with help of Council of Elders and ephors. |
| Describe the first Athenian government. | Athens first had a monarchy and then an aristrocratic government with archons serving one year. |
| What happened to Persian King Xerxes's huge army in a mountain pass at the Battle of Thermopylae? | 300 Spartans stopped King Xerxes's huge army for 3 days! |
| What happened at the Battle of Marathon? | The Athenians defeated King Darius's Persian force when it attacked Greece in 490BC. |
| How did Themisticles defeat the Persian Navy at the Battle of Salamis? | Themisticles tricked the Persian Navy into a narrow area and defeated them. |
| What happened in 479 BC at the Battle of Platea? | All Greek forces-Athens and Sparta together-defeated the Persians, ending the Persian War. |
| import | goods or services bought from another country and taken into yours |
| export | goods or services made in your country and sent to another country |
| What was the most common job for Athenians | a farmer |
| At what age did Spartan men begin active military service and were able to marry? | 20 |
| At what age could Spartan men retire from the military? | 60 |
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