Module 15: The Digestive System - Part 1
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 ingestion, secretion, motility, digestion, absorption, elimination | Six activities of the digestive system |
| tubular gastrointestinal tract, accessory organs | What are the two main groups of organs in the digestive: |
| mouth, esophagus, stomach, small/large intestine, rectum | What are the organs making up the tubular gastrointestinal tract? |
| liver, gallbladder, pancreas, salivary glands | What are the organs making up the accessory organs of digestion? |
| mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa | List the four layers(tunics) of the GI tract in the order of inside out |
| epithelium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosae | List the three layers of the mucosa from inside out |
| stratified squamous epithelium: protection; simple columnar epithelium: secretion absorption | What is the tissue and function of the epithelial layer? Found in two areas: mouth, pharynx, upper esophagus, anus and the other area stomach and intestines |
| areolar connective tissue; supports epithelium, binds epithelium to muscularis mucosae, contains blood and lymph vesses, MALT | What is the tissue and function of the lamina propria? |
| thin layer of smooth muscle; folding of mucous membrane of stomach and small intestine increasing surface area for digestion and absorption | What is the tissue and function of the muscularis mucosae? |
| areolar connective tissue; binds mucosa to muscularis | What type of tissue is found in the submucosa and function? |
| inner sheet of circular fibers/ outer sheet of longitudinal fibers; involuntary smooth muscle contracts to break food down, mix it with digestive secretions and move it along the GI tract | What's the arrangement of smooth muscle in the muscularis layer and function? |
| above diaphragm: esophagus adventitia consists of areolar connective tissue only, no epithelial layer is present; below diaphragm visceral peritoneum consists of simple squamous epithelium and connective tissue | How does serosa structure differ above and below the diaphragm? |
| covers the organs = serosa | What's the location of the visceral peritoneum in relation to the organs of the GI tract? |
| lines the wall of the abdominpelvic cavity | What's the location of the parietal peritoneum in relation to the organs of the GI tract? |
| space btwn the visceral and parietal layers | What's the location of the peritoneal cavity in relation to the organs of the GI tract? |
| fold of the peritoneum that holds small intestine in place by binding it to posterior abdominal wall | Function of the mesentery |
| fold of the peritoneum that holds large intestine in place by binding it to posterior abdominal wall | Function of the mesocolon |
| suspends stomach and duodenum from liver | Function of the lesser omentum |
| largest fold; hangs from stomach over small intestine and transverse colon*fatty protective apron | Function of the greater omentum |
| attaches liver to anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm | Function of the falciform ligament |
| RP - organs located on posterior abdominal wall and peritoneum covers only the anterior surfaces eg kidneys, ureters, adrenal; IP - organs completely enclosed by peritoneum | Difference Between Retroperitoneal and Intraperitoneal Organs |
| parotid, sublingual, submandibular | What's the location of the three main salivary glands? |
| inferior, anterior to the ears | Where is the location of the parotid salivary gland? |
| under the base of the tongue | Where is the location of the sublingual salivary gland? |
| under the mandible | Where is the location of the submandibular salivary gland? |
| 99.5 % water, .5% solutes (mucous, lysozyme, urea, amylase, lingual lipase, bicarbonate ions) | What's the composition of saliva?` |
| cleanses mouth and teeth, dissolves food to begin digestion, mucous lubricates food for swallowing, lysozyme destroys bacteria; amylase - initiates starch digestion lingual lipase is activated in the stomach | What's the function of saliva? |
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